1932: Playing with the Japanese Communist Party with a doll

For example, the "August Defeat" of 1928 (a major defeat that ultimately forced the Red Army to leave Jinggangshan) was largely due to the involvement of the Soldiers' Committee. The Soldiers' Committee of the 29th Red Army Regiment organized a meeting and, without notifying superiors or Party representatives, violated the original battle plan and secretly marched into southern Hunan.

As a result, during an attack on Fan Shisheng's troops in Chenzhou, which had previously been keeping their distance, they plundered the area, were repelled, and then dispersed, ultimately resulting in the near-complete annihilation of the entire 29th Regiment. Wang Erzhuo, a renowned early CCP general and the Chief of Staff of the Red 4th Army, a man of exceptional military prowess, was shot and killed while pursuing a defecting section of the 29th Regiment. The losses were truly devastating. It was from that time that both the CCP and the Red Army began to seriously reflect on the errors of absolute democracy and to more firmly implement the policy of "the Party commands the gun."

Precisely because the lessons learned at the time were so horrific, Li Desheng did not object too much when the soldiers' committees demanded their "gradual dismantling" in 1930. He also had been pondering how to integrate and delineate the boundaries between "Party command of the gun" and "military democracy."

According to the course of history, if the Shih Chien Revolutionary Party had not intervened, if it had not come to the Red Fourth Front Army, the teacher would not have had the energy to think carefully about this matter until the end of the Liberation War (because of being in hiding for three years, because of the Long March, because of the arduous and arduous Anti-Japanese War, because of the Party's rectification movement, because of...)

But who has changed history?

Who asked Ma Shiwu to raise the "Huang Yanpei question" on behalf of the World Revolutionary Party to the Chinese Communist Party?

After careful consideration and thorough discussions with Ma Shiwu and others, Li Desheng believed that at this stage in the Red Fourth Front Army, the Soldiers' Committee must be re-established!

Of course, in order not to overly irritate the Communist International's sensitive nerves and taking into account the fact that "officers should first and foremost be soldiers," he changed the "Soldiers' Committee" to "Military Committee" and altered some details. ... 1. Support the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party... 2. Respect the Chinese Communist Party's propositions in carrying out work... 3. Actively participate in consolidating and expanding the Red Army..."

Mainly within the broader framework of democracy, the responsibilities of the "Military Committee" were clarified and some of the soldiers' powers were restricted.

For example, the Military Commission has no right to interfere with combat command, no right to directly appoint and dismiss officers, and can be temporarily abolished in a state of war, etc.

In short, the Military Committee could monitor the actions of its superiors, but it could not directly interfere with officers, the Chief Magistrate, or determine the overall actions of the Red Army. Most importantly, the Military Committee must act under the leadership of the Party. The principle of "the Party commands the gun" must not be compromised in the slightest!

Otherwise, the tragedy of "August failure" will be repeated.

In fact, these changes had already been fully discussed within the Party and were about to be implemented, but the Communist International forcibly ordered them to be rescinded, and nothing happened. Now, Li Desheng has picked them up again, resolving the various problems of the Red Fourth Front Army and bringing this force under the Party's true leadership.

Once a military committee representing the interests of the vast majority of soldiers is established and operates smoothly, the entire Red Fourth Front Army, especially the relationship between officers and soldiers, will undergo a tremendous change. Which officer would dare to beat a soldier at will in the future?

You're not afraid of the Military Commission publicly criticizing you or even directly voting to ask the Party organization to remove you, are you?

Which military officer would dare to embezzle funds at will in the future?

Aren't you afraid that the "Economic Liquidation Committee" will come after you, investigate your crimes, and report them to the Party organization for handling? Which officer will dare to claim that he is superior to the soldiers and deserves better treatment and privileges?

The new system of equality between officers and soldiers, and equal dignity, will make it impossible for you to oppress the soldiers or act as a superior officer. Combined with systems like "establishing party branches at the company level" and "grievance meetings," the Red Fourth Front Army will no longer be a bandit-like Red Fourth Front Army!

(Speaking of the abolition of the Soldiers' Committee, Bo Gu and many other CCP cadres had explained the great role of the Soldiers' Committee to the Comintern, and were all angrily criticized.) (Finally, the Premier stepped forward to play the villain and personally ordered the abolition of the Soldiers' Committee - and then some people used this as a black mark against him for being "unprincipled.")

(What these people don’t know is that if the Prime Minister hadn’t stepped in and played a “bureaucratic trick,” the Soldiers’ Committee would have disappeared immediately in 1930.)

(Due to the Prime Minister's procrastination in handling this matter, the Soldiers' Committee was not completely abolished until 1932 - because it could no longer withstand the pressure.)

(So, just as in the previous article about "How to Report the Wang Ming and Mi Fu Issue," all decisions must be based on logical reality, not on wishful thinking, with principles here and doctrines there.) (In those days, openly criticizing the CCP's biggest supporter? Reporting directly to the Comintern on a major issue concerning the head of a Comintern department? Standing up to the Soviet Union's massive bureaucracy?)

(Do you think you are "Stalin + Lenin"?)

177 You actually said Li Desheng doesn’t understand economics?

As the institutional details and operational procedures of the "Military Committee" and other matters were gradually revealed and explained, the atmosphere in the meeting hall became increasingly heated.

The officers and soldiers attending the meeting all discovered that compared to the previous Chairman Zhang, who was arbitrary and short-tempered, this Chairman Li was truly tolerant, democratic, and had a very good personality (seriously). Therefore, everyone naturally developed a strong liking for him, even those who were "undermined in power."

Because, even though he killed many people like Chairman Zhang Guotao, he did not kill people indiscriminately, and certainly would not kill people by accusing them of something.

During the past month, many officers and soldiers who committed extremely serious crimes have indeed been executed during the "grievance meetings" and "public trials" held over the past month.

However, none of those executed were wrongly convicted, and none were without irrefutable evidence and widespread public outrage. No one cried out in injustice. This alone gave the officers and soldiers of the Red Fourth Front Army, especially those with a certain level of cultural knowledge, a greater sense of security.

Having made up their minds to start a revolution, most people naturally don't fear death, but dying for some inexplicable reason is too humiliating. It would be better to die on the battlefield!

In short, these reasons formed the basis for Li Desheng to initially gain a foothold in the Red Fourth Front Army.

Now that the army has initially taken control, the next step is to rectify the economic problems of the Hubei-Henan-Anhui base area. First, we must introduce the basic situation of the Hubei-Henan-Anhui Soviet Area, which is later known as the "Dabie Mountain Base Area".

The area is located in a mountainous area at the junction of three provinces, with extremely inconvenient transportation. Historically, it has always been an agricultural area dominated by a natural economy combining agriculture and family handicrafts.

has always lagged behind;

In the entire Hubei-Henan-Anhui Soviet Area, there were fewer than twenty county towns and district towns with more than 500 households. There were no large commercial ports or factories or mines. Only Henan Shangcheng had two small-scale coal mines.

In terms of agricultural products, only Lu'an and Huoshan counties in western Anhui have more, and foreign trade and small businesses are relatively active. Huoshan is also a salt transshipment point and tea production area.

80% of the land in rural areas was concentrated in the hands of warlords, bureaucrats, gentry, and landlords. Farmers were basically tenant farmers, living a hard life, and had to pay at least half of their harvest as rent every year.

-When faced with floods, droughts, insect pests, wars, and chaos, one can only wait for death;

The financial system of the entire region was in disarray. There were dozens of different types of paper money, including "haopiao" and "tangpiao" issued by merchants and landlords, each with a different exchange rate.

Coupled with the local Kuomintang government's corruption, excessive taxation, and plunder (in fact, if they had completely let it go, the people would have been much better off), the entire regional economy, if not completely stagnant, would at least have collapsed. Therefore, in the early days of the Hubei-Henan-Anhui base area, any decent Communist Party member who did even the slightest bit of good would have immediately transformed the entire region.

What's more, in history, they have done more than just a little bit.

Carry out land reform, reduce rent and interest, and focus on agricultural construction;

Reform the currency, open banks, and ensure financial stability; ban levies, eliminate the national army, and crack down on local tyrants and evil gentry; build factories, establish communes, and stimulate the economic market...

Just when everything was thriving, the lovely Zhang Guotao brought Chen Changhao to the Hubei-Henan-Anhui Soviet Area.

In the early days, he had not yet established a firm foothold and did not dare to act too recklessly. All policies remained unchanged, and the Hubei-Henan-Anhui Soviet Area continued to advance along its original trajectory.

Then, once he had initially established his foothold, he began to slaughter those intellectually gifted elite cultural officials who might threaten his "military power" and "authority to interpret the scriptures." Regarding the issue of governing the country, no matter how some people brag about extreme democratization, where things truly function smoothly, they are always governed by the elite. This is an indisputable fact.

It goes without saying what the country would be like after all these elites were slaughtered, leaving only a few "rough people" who could not read or write and did not even understand the basic logic of social operation. The Hubei-Henan-Anhui base area ultimately failed in its counter-encirclement and suppression campaign. In addition to the fact that "the enemy was weak and we were strong" and "experienced military cadres were killed in large numbers", the economy collapsed again, which was one of the most important reasons.

Fortunately, in this worldline, Zhang Guotao only had time to go on a killing spree at Baique Garden before being summoned to the Central Soviet Area to participate in the "Hongmen Banquet." The situation in the entire Hubei-Henan-Anhui Soviet Area is much better than in history. Therefore, Li Desheng's operation is relatively easy.

"Comrade Zheng Yizhai, the economic leader of our Hubei-Henan-Anhui base area and the logistics commander of the Red Army all depend on you!"

Zheng Yizhai, Chairman of the Finance Committee of the Hubei-Henan-Anhui Provincial Workers' and Peasants' Democratic Government, President of the Workers' and Peasants' Bank, and Director of the Management Office of the Fourth Red Army;

Historically, this was an outstanding logistics cadre who was able to ensure the basic supply needs of the Red Fourth Front despite Zhang Guotao's chaos (sometimes east, sometimes west, sometimes south, sometimes north, and crossing the grassland three times); at this time, he had just finished his economic and financial work in Shanghai and was transferred to the Hubei-Henan-Anhui base area by the newly established Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, and then he was appointed by Li Desheng.

"No, no, no, Chairman. After listening to your speech a few days ago, I think you are the real expert in economic development..."

Zheng Yizhai was not trying to flatter by saying this, at least not entirely.

Many so-called "Mao fans" are speechless when faced with the slander of "Mao haters" that "Li Desheng is only good at political theory, knows a little about military affairs, and knows nothing about economic development."

Often it's because they know too little.

In fact, Li Desheng is not only good at political theory and has some knowledge of military affairs, but he is also a master in economic construction.

Some people always think that Li Desheng is only interested in "state-owned economy" and "planned economy" and extremely hates the private economy;

Some people also think that Li Desheng is the "culprit" for the so-called "China's economic development stagnated in the first three decades, the Chinese people were poor for decades, and they lagged behind the world."

Some even go so far as to say, "Li Desheng's failure during the Soviet period was largely due to his inability to engage in economic development and his sole focus on cracking down on local tyrants and dividing up land, which is why the Soviet area couldn't survive." In a word, that's complete bullshit!

In fact, leaving aside the well-known assertion of the "Economy of the Transitional Period of the New Democratic Society" in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, Li Desheng had a very profound understanding of the economy as early as the Soviet era.

When the Central Soviet Area was embroiled in a heated debate over the "revolutionary war as the central theory" and the "economic construction as the central theory," he was the one who stood up and clarified the dialectical relationship between economic construction and revolutionary war, while simultaneously refuting both extreme theories. (Note: One of the two theories held that "the revolutionary war was already too busy to have the time to engage in economic construction work, so anyone who talked about economic construction would be accused of being "rightist" or "capitulationist")

(A typical example of this is completely disregarding the economic status of the Soviet area, "frantically expanding the Red Army," and prioritizing war every day.)

(One view is that "economic construction is the center of all current tasks, and we must put aside the revolutionary war and make everything serve economic construction.")

(Although this led some people to focus solely on business, it did, to a certain extent, improve people's lives more than the previous approach.) "Only by carrying out work on the economic front and developing the economy of the Red Areas can we secure a sufficient material foundation for the revolutionary war."

When many people opposed doing business with the White Area, it was Li Desheng who urged governments at all levels in the Soviet Area and the Red Army to actively develop commercial trade activities and establish a trade and economic line between the "Red" and "White" areas.

When a considerable number of cadres opposed the private economy, believing it to be "exploitation," it was Li Desheng who stood up to encourage it and correct the "leftist" errors: "The current development of the private economy (in the Soviet area) is necessary for the interests of the country and the people..."

"The private sector is in absolute dominance and will certainly remain so for a considerable period of time..."

"The cooperative economy and the state-owned economy, when combined, will, after long-term development, become a formidable economic force, gradually gaining dominance over the private economy and taking a leading position." How could you say that such a person doesn't understand economics?

What's the fuss?

Don't stand on the God's perspective and always think that these understandings seem simple and not worth mentioning;

In an era when 99% of people didn't even understand what the word "economy" meant, this insight fully proved that he was a great man.

Li Desheng did not understand what "economic mathematical model", "Hayek", or "Pareto's law" were, but he understood the four words "seek truth from facts".

Therefore, after listening to Li Desheng's ideas on the economic and financial construction of the Hubei-Henan-Anhui Soviet Area, Zheng Yizhai, who opened the "Yizhai Money House" in Shanghai to raise money for the Party Central Committee, felt that he benefited greatly; he had worked in Shanghai and had to deal with reactionaries frequently. He thought that his mind was relatively flexible, but after communicating with Li Desheng, he found that

This one is really flexible!

Instead of following the lead of some comrades in the Shanghai Central Committee who demanded "resolutely not to cooperate with the reactionaries in the slightest," he took the initiative to propose:

"We should take the initiative to do business with the surrounding white areas and establish close economic relations with them, so that we can obtain more intelligence when we face encirclement and suppression..."

"We must increase trade with major cities like Wuhan, Luoyang, and Zhengzhou to alleviate the difficulties currently facing the Soviet areas..."

"While engaging in economic and trade relations, we must also establish close ties of interest with some progressive figures within the Kuomintang through this economic relationship..."

"For now, we must hold back our efforts, avoid conflicts with the Kuomintang as much as possible, and exploit the conflicts between the warlords and the Kuomintang central government to strengthen ourselves. Is this something that most people would dare to suggest?

Do you believe that you can be accused of "colluding with counter-revolutionaries" in a matter of minutes?

But Li Desheng not only mentioned it, but also patiently explained it to some civil affairs cadres who did not understand him and even openly opposed him;

He convinced everyone with arguments like "seek truth from facts," "the interests of the Party and the people are paramount," "this is just a temporary solution," and "you don't want the people to suffer." He's truly a good leader with vision, knowledge, a gentle temper, and extraordinary patience...

When I was in Shanghai, I occasionally heard about people being "hot-tempered," "intolerant," "loving to curse," and "having a petty-minded attitude."

It's all slander!

178 Li Desheng, Am I Your Wife or Gay?

"I'm so mad! I'm so mad!"

After finishing a day's work, the teacher returned to his residence and started to lose his temper:

"It's such an easy thing to understand! No matter how I explain it, it doesn't make sense! What's in their heads?! Is it shit?"

He Zizhen was not surprised by her husband's sudden temper;

Rather, she was quite surprised.

Yo ho?

He only lost his temper when he got home and didn't scold the person on the spot? It seems that he has indeed changed a lot.

Thinking of this, He Zizhen smiled gently and said:

"Desheng, not everyone is as smart as you. Many of the things you said might take some people decades to understand!"

After hearing his wife's words, Li Desheng's expression eased slightly, but he still sighed:

"I'm anxious..."

"There's no point in being anxious. You can easily chop off someone's head, but you can't easily put your ideas into their heads, right?" He Zizhen smiled as she took off her husband's coat and put it away.

"If it really doesn't work, just put it aside for now as long as it's not a matter of principle! With time, the situation will change, and everyone will slowly understand..." Sure enough, Shiwu was right. This person is a donkey. As long as you touch its fur, everything will be fine.

".."

Li Desheng looked at his wife in astonishment, and after a long pause, he slowly extended his hand towards her face and touched it. This intimate gesture made He Zizhen blush, and she said coquettishly:

"Don't do anything stupid, the child is still young..."

"no...""

"Um?"

"When did you become so polite and reasonable? You don't have a fever, do you?"

"..."

A few veins popped out on He Zizhen's forehead:

"Li Desheng! I'm also making progress in my studies!" "Hehe..."

Li Desheng smiled and didn't care, but He Zizhen was irritated by his attitude. She threw down her clothes angrily, took out a notebook from the side, and slammed it on the table:

"See for yourself!"

".…."

Li Desheng frowned slightly, as if he was not used to a woman getting angry at him. He endured for a few seconds before picking up the notebook and was immediately stunned.

The reason was not that He Zizhen had received education before she met him, and had attended a private school with her father, and had been practicing calligraphy since her marriage; the main reason was that the contents of the notebook involved politics, economy, culture, and military affairs, some of which inspired Li Desheng.

For example, "The Party should constantly carry out theoretical innovation in accordance with changes in actual conditions to guide all work of the Party and even the government"; for example, "The Soviet Union's experience can be learned, but it must not be copied directly without thinking. It must be made to fully conform to China's own conditions";

For example, "The distinction between communism, socialism, or capitalism lies in productive forces and production relations; tools must never be given attributes." The idea of ​​"preferring socialist grass to capitalist seedlings" is unacceptable.

For example, "The capitalist system has indeed reached its end, but this does not mean it will perish immediately. Instead, it will continue to exist for a long time because it will also prolong its life by learning socialist systems and methods." For example, "If we do not occupy the cultural propaganda and public opinion front, the enemy will occupy it. If the battlefield here is fought well, its effectiveness will be no less than that of the front line...";

For example, "Modern human warfare is ultimately an information war and an industrial war. On the basis of a strong industry, we must seize and maintain control of information..."

For example, """Training an elite special forces unit can implement decapitation tactics against enemy leaders and effectively destroy the command system. This is particularly effective against warlord forces like the Kuomintang..."""

".…."

To be honest, Li Desheng was shocked.

No one knows better than him what kind of person his wife He Zizhen is.