1900: A physics genius wandering around Europe

Chapter 608: Probabilistic Contradiction! Come Out! Infinity! Multiverse! Shocking Everyone! Is It Really Possible?

In real history, the multiverse interpretation was not proposed and perfected until four or five decades later.

One can imagine the shock that Li Qiwei brought to everyone when he proposed the concept of parallel universe at this moment.

In the eyes of the bigwigs, it is not a groundless science fiction concept, but a bold and shocking conjecture made by Professor Bruce based on quantum mechanics.

This conjecture not only explains the collapse of wave functions and superposition states, but even quantum entanglement.

Such an incredible theory certainly attracted the attention of the bigwigs.

But being moved does not mean absolute approval!

The many-worlds interpretation based on parallel universes is destined to be impossible to verify through experiments.

After all, there is no possibility of any intersection between two different parallel universes.

So how can we who live in this universe be sure of the existence of another parallel universe?
The parallel universe may just be a beautiful fantasy.

However, even so, the multiverse interpretation still has great research value and pioneering significance.

Because it is logically self-consistent, simple in form, and does not introduce any complex concepts.

Although it cannot be verified, it may be correct.

It allows physicists to think beyond limitations and study quantum mechanics in tiny areas from a broader perspective.

However, Schrödinger discovered a problem.

Ever since Professor Bruce proposed the probabilistic interpretation of the wave function, Schrödinger has been very sensitive to the word probability.

He keenly discovered that in the many-worlds interpretation, there seemed to be something wrong with probability!
So, under the gaze of everyone, he raised the question:

"Professor, I have a question."

"According to the probabilistic interpretation in the Bruce interpretation, the probability of a particle appearing in different locations is different."

“For example, the probability of a particle appearing at A is 0.3, and the probability of appearing at B is 0.1.”

"But according to the MWI, no matter what the probability is for a particle to be in a certain location, when the particle is observed and measured, reality will split 100% of the time."

"Even if the probability of a particle appearing at C is 0.000001%, it still [definitely] exists in a parallel universe."

"So what's the meaning of this probability?"

"No matter how likely or unlikely the different states of a particle are, they will always be split up into their own parallel universes."

"So, the many-worlds interpretation makes probability meaningless!"

Wow!
Everyone was shocked when they heard this!
Schrödinger's question is very sharp and hits the lifeblood of the parallel universe!
Take Bruce's cat experiment, for example.

Suppose that through a series of experimental designs, the probability of the cat being alive is 99% and the probability of the cat being dead is 1%.

Logically speaking, after opening the box and observing, the cat's most likely state is alive.

Because the probability of life is much higher than that of death.

But at the moment of observation, the cat's two states of life and death must exist simultaneously in two parallel universes.

The so-called 99% and 1% probabilities have lost their meaning.

No matter what the probabilities of the two states are, the end result is that both states are bound to occur.

This is obviously an irreconcilable contradiction.

Unless Professor Bruce is willing to give up the probability interpretation!
But this is obviously impossible!
Probability can be said to be the core of quantum mechanics, and it has been verified by many experiments.

The world of microscopic particles is indeed probabilistic!

At least no abnormalities have been found so far.

Therefore, even the big guys present felt that there was no reason to give up probability.

Everyone looked at Schrödinger with different eyes.

"No wonder Professor Einstein chose Professor Schrödinger as his teammate. His insight is truly amazing!"

"He immediately found the most critical problem of the many-worlds interpretation."

“The theory of parallel universes is in danger.”

Einstein nodded with satisfaction.

I finally have a powerful little brother.

At this time, before Li Qiwei could speak, Bohr tried to explain and said:
"What if each parallel universe also exists as a probability?"

“Assuming the probability of a cat being born is 99%, then the probability of a parallel universe in which a cat is born is also 99%.”

"That way, parallel universes and probabilistic explanations don't conflict."

Wow!
Everyone was shocked!
Bohr's answer is even more bizarre than the existence of parallel universes themselves.

Do parallel universes exist in the form of probability?

This is simply unimaginable!
It's like saying: The probability of a person existing is 99%.

Isn't this nonsense?

Although humans have both particle and wave properties, even as wave properties, they are a real existence.

A person's existence must be 100%, not even a little bit less.

Schrödinger said:
"Professor Bohr, you are piling up linguistic concepts."

"According to Professor Bruce's many-worlds interpretation, each parallel universe should exist independently and truly, rather than being probabilistic."

"Moreover, if parallel universes really exist probabilistically, then after billions of years of evolution, the probability of parallel universes appearing now should be negligible."

What Schrödinger meant is that even if it is 0.99, as long as you keep multiplying, the final result will be infinitely close to 0.

This is clearly inconsistent with the MWI.

Parallel universes must exist 100% to ensure that the universe continues to divide infinitely.

Therefore, Bohr's answer is untenable.

After Bohr's failure, Heisenberg, Pauli and others pondered over it and finally had to give up.

Schrödinger's problem has no solution.

At this moment, everyone could only look at Professor Bruce again.

Li Qiwei was calm and smiled slightly.

“That’s a really good question indeed.”

"I just happen to have an idea that you might as well learn from."

"There is actually nothing wrong with Bohr's idea. Probability problems can only be explained by probability."

"First, we need to have a deep understanding of how probability manifests itself in quantum mechanics."

"The probability that the cat is alive is 99%, and the probability that the cat is dead is 1%, which means that if you do the experiment 100 times, then 99 of them will result in the cat being alive."

"For the sake of discussion, I will first make the following definition."

"Our real universe, which has matter and energy, is called the [Original Universe]."

"It is the basis of all parallel universes."

"If parallel universes exist, then the universe we are in now may just be a parallel universe on a certain timeline, called [Parallel Universe A]."

"The 100 experiments just mentioned must be conducted in the [Original Universe]."

"But unfortunately, we are already in Parallel Universe A and cannot conduct multiple experiments in the original universe."

"Because with just one observation, the universe would break apart."

Wow!
Everyone probably understood what it meant.

Someone was puzzled:
"Professor Bruce, if that's the case, doesn't that prove that Professor Schrödinger's doubts are correct?"

"After all, it is impossible for us to return to the original universe and conduct 100 experiments."

Li Qiwei said:
"Yes, that's right."

Then, he suddenly smiled mysteriously and uttered a guess that frightened and horrified everyone!
"But what if there is more than one original universe?"

"If there are infinite original universes, then there are infinite [me]s who can do the same experiment in their respective original universes."

"This way, we can meet the requirements of 100 experiments."

"And the parallel universes will split according to the proportion of probability!"

“The probabilistic explanation still makes sense!”

hiss!
Everyone gasped and trembled all over! They seemed to have heard the most terrifying thing in their lives.

It’s even more shocking than the first time I heard the Big Bang theory!

"Oh, God!"

"There are countless original universes?"

"impossible!"

"Absolutely impossible!"

"This is countless times more incredible than the existence of parallel universes!"

The original universe is a real and independent universe, unlike parallel universes that share the same material universe foundation.

Imagine a picture where a person's consciousness wanders into endless nothingness.

He saw countless strange and beautiful bubbles floating in the dark and silent sea of ​​nothingness.

Each bubble is an original universe.

There are infinite parallel universes in each original universe, evolving their own timelines.

What a shocking and terrifying scene!
Even though the human mind is said to be infinite, it cannot contain such a magnificent physical scene!
Unbelievable!

Shocking!

Schrodinger was simply stunned.

The vastness of the universe is beyond human imagination.

Because the universe is expanding, humans will never even know what is outside the observable universe.

And now, Professor Bruce told him that there are endless universes outside the universe.

Who can accept this?
Even if humans exhaust all their efforts and discover all the rules of the current original universe, what about the rest of the universe?

Schrödinger and others suddenly felt a deep sense of terror and despair.

In comparison, parallel universes are easier to accept.

At this time, someone asked:
"Professor Bruce, are the physical laws between these infinite original universes also similar? Just like parallel universes?"

Li Qiwei shook his head and said:
"I call the view that there are countless original universes the multiverse."

"There is an essential difference between the multiverse and the parallel universe!"

“The laws of physics in the multiverse could vary wildly.”

"In our original universe, the speed of light has an upper limit."

"But in another original universe, perhaps the speed of light has no upper limit and can continue to accelerate."

"Each original universe in the multiverse has its own unique evolutionary system."

Wow!
Everyone was shocked!

Multiverse?

This name is so good!
Yuan represents source, rules, and starting point.

Each universe is independent and has its own rules, so it is a multiverse.

If parallel universes are two parallel lines on a plane, they will never intersect, but their extension directions are the same.

Then the multiverse is two parallel lines in space, which neither intersect nor extend in different directions.

At this time, Einstein recovered from his shock and asked:
"Bruce, there's a problem with your view of the multiverse."

"If the laws of each original universe are different, how can we conduct 100 box experiments?"

Everyone was surprised!

This is a very good question.

If quantum mechanics does not even exist in a certain original universe, how is it possible for there to be a "same me" to conduct experiments?

Li Qiwei replied:
"When I say the laws are different, I mean the differences in the details of physics, such as the values ​​of various constants."

"But each original universe must be a universe in the scientific sense."

"There are no imaginary worlds like the magic world or the immortal cultivation world in the multiverse."

“Otherwise, it would not fit into the explanatory framework of the many-worlds interpretation.”

"In different original universes, the results of the box experiment are reflected through the rules of that universe."

"But the final result must be in line with probability."

"In addition, even if different original universes are extremely different, there are always universes that are very similar to our original universe."

"Even if the number of multiverses is infinite, the requirements of the experiment can still be met."

Wow!
Everyone looked shocked!

Although Professor Bruce's explanation sounds a bit rogue, it is indeed impossible to refute it.

In short, as long as there is no limit, everything is possible!
At this time, Rutherford suddenly said:

"Bruce, I can accept that there are an infinite number of parallel universes."

"After all, no matter how many parallel universes there are, they won't add any extra energy."

“It’s like the mathematical concept of infinity, which can be contained by the finite.”

"But if the number of multiverses is infinite, doesn't that mean the energy is infinite?"

“Physics has always been wary of the concept of infinity.”

"Because we cannot imagine something being infinite."

Many people nodded.

The multiverse is simply unimaginable.

We don’t need to worry about infinity in mathematics, but the limits in physics are very scary.

When you think with your consciousness, you may even feel like you might collapse.

This has risen to the level of philosophy.

If the universe is infinite, then space must also be infinite.

What kind of thing can hold infinite space?

There is no way to think about this question further and it cannot be falsified.

Not even Li Qiwei.

He smiled and said:
“I can’t explain this.”

"As I said at the beginning, the MWI is my bold attempt at quantum mechanics."

"Quantum mechanics may be closely related to the origin of the universe."

Everyone sighed when they heard this.

Even though Professor Bruce did not answer Rutherford's question, it did not affect everyone's admiration for him.

Because everything about parallel universes and multiverses is inherently unsolvable.

No one in the world dares to be sure whether they exist or not.

At least Professor Bruce made this theory logically consistent and can explain many quantum problems.

This is already extremely awesome!

After being shocked, Schrödinger asked curiously:
"Professor, since you know that the multiverse has infinite limitations, why do you create this concept out of thin air to explain probability?"

"Isn't this just using one problem to explain another?"

However, Li Qiwei said faintly:

"No, Schrödinger, you are wrong."

"The multiverse is not a concept I created out of thin air."

"It is a deduction I got when I was deeply studying the Big Bang theory!"

"It's possible that it exists!"

boom!
The whole audience was shocked!

(End of this chapter)