Rebirth of the God-level Xueba

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You can write the patent application casually, but if you want to prevent infringement like waves, you must write it very seriously, and you must have a lawyer to guide you in writing it.

The so-called technical industry has specialization. People who engage in scientific research may be good at their own scientific research field, but they need the assistance of professional patent lawyers to apply for their own scientific research results as patents.

This is especially true in the pharmaceutical industry. Taking Yang Rui’s experience in graduate school as an example, most of the pharmaceutical companies that invite school professors to guide them are to add a useless side chain to the formed compound, such as amoxicillin, which is rarely mentioned in China. Two-digit manufacturers are producing amoxicillin with different side chains and the same effect, and none of them violate the patent law.

If you want to describe it, it is equivalent to grafting different paper strips to the same tree by various manufacturers, and then selling the grafted tree species.

It's the trunk that does the work, not the grafted trunk, but patent attorneys can't prove this, and a patent on the trunk doesn't make much sense.

Of course, grafting, or increasing the side chain does not mean that the increase can be increased. It is easy to add side chains to a compound, but it is not easy to make side chains not function. Generally speaking, compounds with added side chains will have beneficial or harmful results, most of which are harmful. If beneficial results are obtained, it is naturally the best. If harmful results are obtained, such as reduced efficacy and increased side effects, it depends on whether the standard is exceeded.

To avoid such a thing from happening, it is necessary to write an extremely professional patent application, and it often requires patent lawyers to fight hard to obtain it.

In addition, there are more than 200 different medical laws in more than 200 countries around the world. Foreign countries are not the same country, Europe and the United States are not the same country, and even the laws of the United States are not the same. If you want to apply for a patent in the federal United States, you will inevitably have to do different legal work in different states.

All of this costs money, and it’s expensive.

Lawyers' fees have always been as expensive as they come.

Why were Chinese companies unwilling to apply for patents in the 1980s or 1990s? Because it's not cost-effective at all, they can't afford the lawyers' air tickets.

In fact, even the largest pharmaceutical company in the world cannot apply for patents in more than 200 countries around the world at the same time, and they still have priorities.

For example, China, until it joined China, was outside the patent circle. Even large pharmaceutical companies do not expect to get patent fees from China.

Because of the complex laws in China, large pharmaceutical companies cannot find suitable agents, and even if they find suitable agents, it is difficult to win the lawsuit, and even if they win the lawsuit, it is difficult to enforce. Under such circumstances, multinational pharmaceutical companies will not easily Activate the legal weapon - this weapon is useless, expensive, what to do with it.

Some people may say that this situation seems to be very good. Generic drugs can greatly reduce people's medical costs, save patent fees for foreigners, and can be invested in more people's livelihood work.

However, the reality has always been to reward diligence and punish laziness. Not to mention the economic and sociological aspects, as far as the medicine itself is concerned, the life without paying patent fees will not last long.

After the Human Genome Project, pharmaceutical companies around the world began to pay attention to genetics.

In less than ten or twenty years, gene-targeted drugs will appear, and the side effects may be that they target different genes in the human body, and there will be different solutions.

In fact, research after World War II has found that some drugs have different effects on people of different ethnic groups, not only the effect of the drug, but also the problem of side effects.

For example, allopurinol, which existed in the 1980s, has a very high probability of side effects on yellow people, a wide variety of side effects, and has a fatal rate, but it does not have lethal side effects on whites and blacks, and the probability of allergic reactions Also lower. Therefore, if overseas Chinese use this drug, they must do a genetic screening to see if there is a lethal gene, because the genetic screening costs hundreds of dollars, and the Chinese naturally don’t do it, and the hospital is too lazy to do it. Yes, it depends on luck, anyway, the odds are about the same as winning the lottery, and if you are lucky, you can be rescued...

It often takes ten or twenty years for modern drugs to be put on the market. If the Chinese are always outside the circle of patents, foreign pharmaceutical companies that rely on patents for food will not make free drugs for Chinese people. If Chinese pharmaceutical companies work hard, they may be able to produce several drugs for Chinese people, but there are tens of thousands of diseases on the earth. For the same disease, foreigners can just take medicine, and Chinese people can only have tears in their eyes. What do you think? It's all uncomfortable.

For Yang Rui, his interests must also be reflected through patents.

In order to firmly grasp the patent rights, Yang Rui also spared no expense. The lawyer Li Zhangzhen hired not only has a beautiful resume, but also a remarkable career, and the fees are also remarkable. , The hourly fee of 300 US dollars means that it will cost Yang Rui thousands of dollars just to go to Beijing. After the whole case is completed, it will take at least a week, at least 50,000 US dollars.

The $50,000 in 1984 was the salary of an ordinary professor in the United States. This is only the time for evidence collection. Subsequent patent applications may take months or even years, and there are still costs.

Therefore, patents are the patents of the rich and a manifestation of the Matthew effect. However, of the various ways to protect one's rights, patent legislation is the cheapest and easiest.

While waiting for the lawyer to handle immigration matters, Yang Rui made persistent efforts and continued the experiment.

If it is a Chinese-style biography, maybe the strips made of gel will be considered complete. However, real laboratories have always only paid attention to real evidence.

Halfway through the research, the most precious inspiration is expressed, and then the research results are robbed of fools.

Yang Rui first did the original experiment again under the whole process of video recording, luckily and naturally got the same result.

By the way, I spent thousands of dollars on videotapes.

Huang Mao's eyelids twitched as he spent the money rushing like running water.

As the deputy director of the laboratory, Huang Mao felt that he had the responsibility to persuade Yang Rui. Most importantly, he, Tu Xian and Wang Xiaoyun resigned and came to Huarui Laboratory. Times, can make a career.

If Huarui Laboratories closes down because of Yang Rui's misconduct, no matter whether it is a career or a high salary, it will have no roots.

However, persuasion should also pay attention to methods.

Huang Mao first studied Yang Rui's work and carefully understood his work content. Then, before Yang Rui started a new round of experiments and filming, Huang Mao pulled Yang Rui and said, "I want to make a suggestion."

"Tell me." Yang Rui is currently in a state of not hearing anything outside the window, and his mind is also highly concentrated.

Huang Mao understood this situation, so Huang Mao also said from the perspective of research: "I don't think you need to shoot now, because your experiment is not complete. You don't have a control group. I think the filming should at least wait until there is a control group." , it’s best to shoot after the control group is done, and when the experiment is repeated, don’t you think?”

Control groups and multiple trials are an essential part of modern scientific research, without which routine scientific evaluation cannot pass.

Yang Rui was already prepared and said: "I know, before, the first thing I have to do is to prove that the amplification is feasible. Now that I have proved it, I will complete the experiment including the control group. This is also my next stage. The main work, in order to save time, I still want to do it while shooting.”

So far, Yang Rui still cannot prove success in the academic sense.

What is copied is DNA, and DNA can be seen under a microscope, but to prove that the copied DNA is the desired DNA—this is the key—requires a series of physical and chemical tests.

In other words, Yang Rui knows that he has done it, and he has to prove that he has done it before he can be recognized by the academic circle.

If it is a religion, this is the time to "believe it and believe it or not". Science does not have this problem. There are certain rules for evaluating the reality and operability of a method.

Most of the instruments and resources prepared by Yang Rui in the past few months were for proof.

Huang Mao felt distressed just looking at these instruments and resources, and smiled reluctantly: "Didn't you publish papers after completing the experiments before, and then let colleagues check for you to fill in the gaps? I still think this method is good and efficient. Save money, save time."

"I may still like this method in the future, but this experiment is not good. I have to do all the controlled experiments by myself, and there are other experiments that should be done." Yang Rui is not going to give any credit, even if it will not affect his honor.

Huang Mao looked sad: "All the controlled experiments? How much is that?"

"Probably around 30." Yang Rui sighed, the workload is really not small.

Huang Mao was already dumbfounded: "Is that why you are so optimistic about this project?"

"It's very optimistic. If you think about it, he can expand a piece of DNA to billions in dozens of hours. This is too useful."

For academic discussions, Huang Mao has always said one thing: "Is it necessary for us to produce so much DNA? Or is it the same DNA?"

"Of course it is necessary. This is the process of quantitative change leading to qualitative change, which is very important." Yang Rui immediately began to describe the important role: "It can simplify the cloning steps, eliminate the reaction background, strengthen the hybridization signal, synthesize a large amount of DNA, and make the experiment The sample processing in the room becomes easier, we can easily make copies of the experimental samples, and the results of the copies are feasible."

"The result of the copy is feasible, but it's not certain yet." Huang Mao was not biased because Yang Rui is the boss, and said seriously: "It's true that the DNA in the gel was amplified, but there are no impurities. Easy to say."

Any thesis can have an important role of thousands of words, but when the foundation approves, there are still thousands of projects that are abandoned.

Huang Mao did not continue talking about the experiment itself, but persuaded him from a different angle: "The current hot spot in biotechnology is anti-cancer drugs. If you look at the Medicine Valley in the United States, those who can get funding and venture capital are all We are making anti-cancer drugs, although we do not say that we will follow suit, but there is really no need to invest too much money in this project."

The last sentence was the main purpose of Huang Mao's talk.

The resources of Sinovel Lab are limited, and the resources that Yang Rui devoted to the project have already affected other projects.

Yang Rui refused without even thinking about it. Just kidding, the goal of Huarui Lab at the beginning of its establishment was that if necessary, he would devote all resources to the project.

However, Yang Rui still thought about it and explained carefully.

Making results is the first step, proving results is the second step.

To prove the results, this group of calves is needed to help. Yang Rui had to start the first persuasive education in his life: talk about how good my project is!

Li Wenqiang, Zhang Xuetong, Tu Xian and others all surrounded them. They are now the work of scientific research apes. The biggest difference from scientific research dogs is that they are allowed to have free will and free thought. After all, they belong to primates. If the physical work in the laboratory belongs to scientific research dogs, then the brainpower Life is for scientific research apes.

And if you want people with brains to work hard, you have to make them understand and agree with you.

This is a question every lab manager faces and addresses—seeking understanding and buy-in.

Edison needed to explain why he changed the filament instead of the lamp head; Oppenheimer needed to explain why he chose the implosion type instead of the gun type; the Apollo moon landing program also needed to solve the difficulty of choosing between the space shuttle and the spaceship.

In addition to explaining to his subordinates, explaining and promoting himself to investors and bosses is also the main job of the laboratory leader.

Yang Rui's previous academic experience was not of much help, but when he was in the cram school, he explained to the students' parents every day, which exercised his persuasive ability.

Yang Rui simply regarded several people as the parents of the students and began to promote his projects and plans.

Li Wenqiang and the others had never even been through door-to-door sales. Where was Yang Rui's opponent, they nodded unconsciously after a while.

...