My IQ has been increasing year by year.
Chapter 82 Heat Source
The red numbers on the big screen jumped to 00:45:00.
There are 45 minutes left.
Thermodynamic systems are perfect.
An aluminum alloy base plate with paper towels soaked in cold water.
Water molecules continue to evaporate at room temperature, carrying away a large amount of heat of vaporization.
The cold end of the cooling element is firmly pinned to the temperature curve at room temperature or even lower.
This is a passive water-cooling cycle without any mechanical structure.
The electromagnetic system is also perfect.
The ratio of the primary coil to the secondary coil is accurate to the single digit.
Inexpensive NPN transistors, with optimal bias resistance, are ready to perform high-frequency switching operations at any time.
With just a tiny, continuous DC input, the hand-wound transformer can generate a dramatic change in the magnetic field within its core, forcefully increasing the voltage tenfold.
The two systems have been joined together by wires.
There's only one thing missing in the middle.
A heat source with a stable temperature.
Chen Zhuo stood directly in front of the worktable.
He didn't look at the dim LED light, nor at the decreasing numbers on the big screen.
His gaze fell on the connecting lines on the table.
The red wires leading from the semiconductor cold chip are connected to the power rails of the breadboard.
The copper core of the conductor is exposed to the air.
Just now, when Wang Huashao was repeatedly pressing the cooling plate, some of the cold sweat on his hands got onto the exposed copper wires.
Under the illumination of the overhead light, the original copper-colored wire end had developed a very slight dark oxide layer on its surface.
The voltage is only a few tenths of a volt.
Any increase in contact resistance at any point is fatal in this fragile system.
Chen Zhuo turned around.
He walked to the far right corner of the worktable.
Lin Yi sat on the edge of the large rectangular table.
The steel pipe folding chair was a bit low, and her legs were casually stretched out in front of her, her heels touching the ground.
She leaned slightly forward, resting her elbows on the wooden tabletop.
From this morning until now.
She maintained this posture.
He was holding a piece of enameled wire between his left index finger and thumb.
Pull it outwards.
Loosen up and retreat.
Clamp it again and pull it outwards.
The movements are very slow.
The amplitude is very small.
There was no hesitation or impatience.
As the sandpaper rubbed against the surface of the enameled wire, the insulating varnish was gradually peeled off.
The bright yellow copper core inside was exposed.
Lin Yi's eyes were half-open and half-closed.
Chen Zhuo walked to her side.
He didn't interrupt her.
My gaze fell on the row of spare wires on the table, which had been scraped off and cut to a fixed length.
Chen Zhuo extended his hand.
He pinched one of the scraped copper wires between his fingertips, ready to take it away.
The instant I picked up the copper wire.
Chen Zhuo's hand inevitably brushed against Lin Yi's left hand, which was resting on the table, holding a string.
The contact time was less than 0.1 seconds.
Chen Zhuo's fingers froze instantly.
He felt a warmth.
On my own cold, even chilly, skin on the back of my hand.
The area that could be easily separated by touch emanated a dry, full, and sustained heat.
That's a normal body temperature.
No.
In the current environment, that's an abnormal body temperature.
Chen Zhuo slowly turned his head and looked at Lin Yi.
Lin Yi did not react.
She didn't even feel the slight brush just now.
The sandpaper in his right hand was still holding the enameled wire, and he pulled it outwards.
Chen Zhuo looked at her hand.
Because she hadn't used any force for a long time, her fingers were in a natural, slightly curved position.
There is no reflection on the skin surface.
There was no sweat.
The fingertips had a normal blood color.
Two images flashed through Chen Zhuo's mind in an instant.
One picture shows Wang Huashao's hands, glistening with moisture under the light, and icy cold.
The other image is of the pair of hands moving slowly in front of me right now.
Chen Zhuo's gaze shifted from Lin Yi's hand to her profile.
Her mouth was slightly open, and her breathing was even.
There were no signs of stress response.
During the tedious scraping process that lasted for more than three hours, the activity level of her cerebral cortex dropped to an extremely low point.
The heart rate may remain around 60.
Without the interference of adrenaline, peripheral blood vessels remain fully dilated.
Warm blood from the arteries flowed unimpeded to the extremities, locking the temperature of her hands at the body's standard core temperature.
A perfect constant temperature source.
The time displayed on the big screen is 00:38:00.
Chen Zhuo offered no explanation.
They didn't call anyone else either.
He reached out and snatched the piece of fine sandpaper from Lin Yi's right hand.
Then she took the roll of enameled wire that she was holding in her left hand and placed it on the far edge of the table.
The resistance in Lin Yi's hand suddenly disappeared.
She stopped what she was doing and turned her head.
His eyes held a hint of bewilderment from being interrupted.
She looked at Chen Zhuo, then at the tools that had been taken from the table.
"Are you done?"
Lin Yi's voice was a little hoarse, with a dryness that came from not speaking for a long time.
She moved her somewhat stiff wrists.
Get ready to stand up.
"It's not over yet," Chen Zhuo said.
Lin Yi stopped moving.
She looked at Chen Zhuo.
I didn't ask why; I just waited for what would happen next.
Chen Zhuo pointed to the center of the worktable.
There was the breadboard covered with wires and the aluminum base lined with wet paper towels.
"Let's change seats," Chen Zhuo said.
"Bring a chair."
Lin Yi sighed.
The sound was very soft.
She stood up and lifted the back of the steel pipe folding chair with one hand.
She walked to the center of the worktable, to where Chen Zhuo had just been standing, and put the chair down.
Zhou Kai raised his head.
He Gui also stood up from the ground.
Wang, who talks little, is wiping his hands with a towel.
Miao Shi'an put on his glasses and looked at Chen Zhuo and Lin Yi.
Lin Yi sat down.
That system is right in front of me.
The black semiconductor cold plate lay flat on the soaked paper towel.
Red and black wires are connected to it.
The other end of the wire is connected to the breadboard.
The transparent red LED light is stuck in the breadboard.
"Put both hands on it."
Chen Zhuo pointed to the black ceramic shard.
"Cover it up completely, without leaving any gaps."
Lin Yi looked down at the square black film.
Then I looked down at the white tissue paper that was still leaking water.
She didn't ask what it was.
They didn't even ask what the point of putting it up was.
She stretched out both hands.
"Palms down, flat against it," Chen Zhuo added.
Lin Yi followed the instructions.
Place your right palm on the ceramic tile.
The size is just right.
It's a bit cool; the moisture at the bottom is conducting heat upwards.
Then, she placed her left hand on the back of her right hand.
"Don't press too hard." Chen Zhuo watched her movements. "Just stay close, find a comfortable position, and don't move."
Lin Yi felt the angle of his arm.
She pulled the chair forward a little.
With both elbows spread outwards, they are firmly supported on the wooden tabletop.
Then, she relaxed her shoulders.
Her neck went limp, and her chin rested directly on the back of her clasped hands.
The weight of the head presses down on the back of the hand, providing a stable, even, and resilient downward pressure.
Make sure your palm fits snugly against the ceramic piece.
After doing all this.
Lin Yi closed his eyes.
He rubbed his chin against the back of his hand, finding the perfect angle.
Everyone around was stunned.
Wang spoke little, his mouth agape, still clutching the hand towel in his hand.
Zhou Kai's gaze shifted back and forth between Lin Yi and the breadboard.
Chen Zhuo did not look at the others.
He picked up the scissors on the table and cut the red and black connecting wire that was stained with cold sweat.
Peel off a section of the newly coated copper core.
Reinsert it into the hole in the breadboard.
"Shi'an".
Chen Zhuo called out.
Miao Shi'an immediately realized what was happening.
He picked up the multimeter from the table.
Without asking any questions, he directly pressed the red and black probes onto the two pins of the light-emitting diode.
His eyes were fixed on the LCD screen.
Time passed second by second.
one second.
two seconds.
The warmth of Lin Yi's palm began to transfer to the ceramic plate.
There is no barrier from sweat.
There is no interference from the sympathetic nervous system.
Dry skin comes into direct contact with semiconductor materials.
Heat spreads downwards along the crystal lattice.
The bottom of the ceramic tile was pressed tightly against the paper towel soaked in cold water.
Water molecules evaporate continuously at room temperature.
The aluminum alloy base plate quickly levels the temperature around the paper towel.
The temperature at the bottom was locked at a constant low value.
Heat source and cold source.
Extremely perfect isolation is formed at the top and bottom ends of the semiconductor cold plate.
The temperature gradient curve was stretched out instantly.
three seconds.
The Seebeck effect occurs between P-type and N-type semiconductors.
The charge carriers at the hot end gain energy and begin to diffuse towards the cold end.
The movement of electrons and holes creates a slight potential difference between the two ends of the red and black wires.
Four seconds.
The numbers on the multimeter screen in Miao Shi'an's hand flickered.
0.08 becomes 0.35.
Then it's 0.62.
The current flowed along the wire and into the rough breadboard.
It flowed through that hand-wound green magnetic ring.
The current flows through that resistor that costs only a few cents.
It flows through that most common NPN triode.
Five seconds.
The magnetic flux within the magnetic ring begins to change drastically.
A change in current in the primary coil induces a voltage in the secondary coil.
A positive feedback network is established instantly.
The transistor has entered a high-frequency saturation and cutoff state.
The oscillation has begun.
The frequency exceeded tens of kilohertz.
The numbers on the multimeter started to climb wildly.
1.2.
1.8.
2.1.
Six seconds.
Inside that transparent light-emitting diode.
PN junction on a semiconductor chip.
Driven by the electric field, electrons and holes cross the depletion layer.
At the moment of recombination, they release excess energy in the form of photons.
A faint red light flickered within the transparent resin enclosure.
Like a spark ignited in the ashes.
Seven seconds.
The multimeter readings exceeded the dead zone threshold of the diode.
2.45.
2.62.
2.68.
The number stopped at this position.
It stopped jumping and stopped falling.
A burst of red light suddenly erupted.
There was no flickering.
There was no struggle, only flickering light and darkness.
A dazzling, pure red light burst forth from that tiny LED.
Light penetrated the transparent plastic shell, striking the surrounding breadboard and the intricate fine lines.
A red halo was cast on the wooden tabletop of the workbench.
Wang, who spoke little, slowly closed his mouth, and his Adam's apple bobbed.
Eight seconds.
The light remained constant.
There is no sign of any decline.
The high-frequency oscillation circuit operates at its perfect operating point.
The biothermal energy within the forest is continuously converted into electrical energy.
Nine seconds.
ten seconds.
The rules displayed on the big screen require the light to be on for ten seconds.
They did it.
The lights were not turned off.
Chen Zhuo remained silent.
Miao Shi'an did not remove the pen.
They just watched.
Fifteen seconds.
Thirty seconds.
One minute.
That red LED light looked as if it had been soldered to the on position.
The brightness did not decrease in the slightest.
The voltage reading on the multimeter remained steadily at 2.68 volts, as if it were engraved on a screen.
The system's thermal equilibrium was perfectly disrupted and reshaped.
Lin Yi lay there.
Her body is a vast, self-regulating constant temperature source.
The heartbeat draws blood at the perfect temperature to the palm.
The palm transfers heat to the ceramic plate.
Heat passes through the semiconductor and is carried away by the evaporation of cold water.
This cycle forms a stable channel.
As long as she doesn't wake up and the tissue doesn't dry, theoretically the light can stay on indefinitely until the semiconductor material ages.
The countdown on the big screen changed to 00:25:00.
Zhou Kai stood on the left, looking at the red dot of light.
He leaned against the angle steel leg.
Wang Huashao took a towel and wiped the cold sweat from his palms.
Miao Shi'an pushed up his gold-rimmed glasses and looked at the multimeter.
Chen Zhuo stood in the very center.
Inside the semicircle they formed.
Lin Yi leaned over the edge of the table.
Chin resting on hands.
Eyes closed.
Breathing is calm and even.
Occasionally, a small strand of hair would slip down from her ear and fall across her face.
She was sleeping soundly.
Completely unaware that they were driving a sophisticated physical system in a way that defied the norms of exams.
The time jumps to 00:10:00.
Several referees in the stadium began moving between the various worktables.
He was holding a scoreboard.
Watching those teams still making their last stand, I saw them jotting something down in their notebooks.
A referee with slightly graying hair walked up to Chen Zhuo's team's worktable.
He was originally just conducting a routine inspection.
His steps faltered as his gaze swept over the unusually quiet table.
He glanced at Lin Yi, who was sleeping with his head on the table.
His brow furrowed almost imperceptibly.
It is extremely rare for a team member to be sleeping in the examination room at such a crucial moment in the national finals.
Then, his gaze fell on the system that Lin Yi was holding down.
A disassembled base plate.
A wad of soaking wet tissue.
A semiconductor cold chip.
A rough breadboard covered with jumper wires.
A hand-wound transformer.
And, a bright LED light emitting a blinding red glow.
The referee was taken aback.
He took a step forward and stood by the table.
He did not wake Lin Yi.
He didn't ask Chen Zhuo any questions either.
He is a veteran judge who has been working in the field of engineering physics for decades.
He only needs one glance to understand the underlying logical architecture of the system.
No light energy was used.
No wind power was used.
It didn't even use any mechanical energy.
They rejected all the finished components provided by the organizing committee.
By utilizing the evaporation of moisture from wet paper towels, the temperature at the cold end is forcibly locked in.
The body's constant temperature during a relaxed state is used as the heat input.
Finally, using a classic Joule thief circuit, the weak thermoelectric potential was artificially raised to above the threshold that could light up a high-brightness diode.
Every step utilizes the most basic physical principles.
Thermodynamics.
Electromagnetism.
Semiconductor physics.
And, physiology.
Not a single point is beyond the scope of the curriculum.
However, when combined, they form an extremely sophisticated engineering closed loop with strong anti-interference capabilities.
The referee's gaze shifted from the red dot of light to Chen Zhuo's face.
Chen Zhuo did not avoid his gaze.
His expression was calm.
The referee didn't say anything.
He picked up the scoring board in his hand and pulled out the ballpoint pen clipped to it.
In the column for Chen Zhuo's team.
He drew a heavy checkmark.
Then I wrote down a number.
He turned and walked towards the next worktable.
The numbers on the big screen turned red.
00:00:59.
The final minute countdown.
The noise inside the venue reached its peak.
00:00:10.
Nine seconds.
Eight seconds.
The red light on Chen Zhuo's team's worktable was still blinding.
Lin Yi's breathing remained steady.
The voltmeter reading remained at 2.68 volts.
Nothing has changed.
three seconds.
two seconds.
one second.
00:00:00.
It was accompanied by an extremely sharp, long electronic whistle.
The lights in the training center flickered.
The text on the big screen changed to: "Match over, all operations cease."
The venue instantly became much quieter.
All that's left is the background noise from the exhaust fan and air conditioner.
Chen Zhuo turned his head.
Looking at Lin Yi, who was slumped over the table.
"Time is up."
Chen Zhuo said.
Lin Yi's eyelashes trembled slightly.
She slowly opened her eyes.
His eyes looked somewhat lost.
She lifted her chin from the back of her hand and stretched her somewhat stiff neck.
Then, remove both hands from the black ceramic shard.
The moment your hands leave.
The heat source is cut off.
Charge carriers within the semiconductor cooling chip cease their directional movement.
The potential difference returns to zero.
The change in current in the primary coil stops.
The magnetic ring lost its magnetism.
The triode stopped oscillating.
That red LED light stayed lit for a full half hour.
In an instant.
It went out abruptly without any warning.
It turned back into a transparent plastic LED.
All physical reactions ceased at this moment.
Lin Yi shook his hand, leaving a faint red mark on his palm from the edge of the ceramic shard.
She looked at the lamp on the desk that had dimmed.
She then looked at the five boys standing around her.
"Are you done?" she asked.
Zhou Kai nodded, his face, which had been tense all day, finally relaxed, and a smile appeared on his lips.
He Gui nodded vigorously and wiped the sweat from his forehead with the hem of his clothes.
Wang Huashao let out a long sigh and plopped down on the table behind him.
Miao Shi'an turned off the power to the multimeter.
Chen Zhuo did not answer.
In this massive factory where hundreds of people were frantically trying to solve a problem involving just a few millivolts of voltage, and were crying out in despair.
They used a bunch of the most unremarkable loose parts.
Use a glass of cold water.
Use a pair of hands you would use while sleeping.
The competition ended using the purest form of physics.
The door was pushed open.
The sunlight streamed in from outside.
Chen Zhuo patted the crumbs off his clothes.
"Let's go."
He turned and walked towards the gate.
His steps were steady.
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