doom minion

Shangguanyang looked at the expressions of the senior executives who were half-informed and somewhat troubled.

But Shangguanyang did not pause and continued to explain in rigorous words. She believed that these future technological development trends were not issues that federal leaders needed to understand. All Shangguanyang needed was material and spiritual support. She believed this. Li Baoqiang knows best what to do.

Although the senior officials knew little about it, they were still full of interest in Shangguan Yang's interpretation.

Shangguan Yang continued to interpret:

At present, the depth, breadth and research focus of mankind's understanding of resources, environment and disasters have undergone major changes.

The vision of resource search is getting wider and wider, gradually moving from the surface of the earth to the deep, from land to ocean, and gradually shifting from simply focusing on the search for mineral resources to paying equal attention to the rational utilization of resources and environmental protection with the goal of sustainable development; Attention to environmental issues has moved from local to global; the study of natural disasters has also moved from single disasters to the study of mass disasters, and from simple monitoring and forecasting to comprehensive research integrating monitoring, early warning, forecasting, and disaster assessment.

The advancement of technological science has provided powerful means for earth system scientific research. The development of mathematics, chemistry, and physical science has provided new methods and theoretical foundations for the research topics of earth system science. The intersection of internal disciplines of earth system science and its interaction with other The intersection of science has injected new vitality into the origin and evolution of life and humans, and the formation and evolution of the earth, making continental dynamics, short-term climate prediction, nonlinear research on the earth system, and sustainable management new research hotspots.

Digital Earth will become an important feature of earth science in the new century, promoting the development of earth system science from qualitative description of natural phenomena to quantitative direction.

4. Cognitive neuroscience field

Revealing the mysteries of the human brain and exploring the nature of consciousness and thinking activities has been a dream that mankind has been striving for for many years. Humanity will make breakthroughs in several major issues in brain science and cognitive neuroscience research.

Understand the organizational structure principles of the brain, conduct research and analysis through experiments, lead to new concepts and new ideas of consciousness, master the mechanisms of cognition and intellectual activities, overcome brain diseases, use the principles of the human brain to develop intelligent computers, and create brain models Devices and structures, as well as brain-inspired information generation and processing systems, to develop computers that can recognize human thoughts and behaviors, as well as robots that can understand human hopes and intentions, and think and act like humans.

Cognitive neuroscience is a comprehensive multidisciplinary research field. It is not only a matter in the field of neurophysiology, but also requires knowledge in mathematics, physics, chemistry, computer, and information science. It can drive a large number of disciplines and the semiconductor industry and computer industry. , the development of the robot industry and the information industry has contributed to solving the problems faced by the information society and the aging society.

5. Energy science and technology field

At present, 70% of the energy consumed by humans comes from fossil fuels. In the 21st century, with the awakening of human environmental awareness and changes in values, humans will continue to pursue a more harmonious lifestyle with nature. Producing renewable and clean energy will be the key to the 21st century. One of the main development directions of energy science is that energy supply will show a diversified development trend.

It is foreseeable that the research and utilization of nuclear energy will make breakthrough progress, and controllable nuclear fusion energy will become a reality;

Hydrogen energy and solar energy are the most ideal inexhaustible energy sources. It is even conceivable to imitate the sun and use nuclear fusion to research and develop an environmentally compatible, long-lasting, carbon dioxide-free form of energy;

There are temperature differences everywhere on the earth itself. Scientists call the energy generated thereby "natural cold energy" and try to develop and utilize it.

It is predicted from the process of human development and utilization of renewable energy such as solar energy, wind energy, geothermal energy, ocean energy and water energy that in the 21st century, renewable clean energy will be used to meet 50% of the world's future energy supply.

In addition, natural gas hydrates, whose reserves exceed the sum of known oil, coal, and natural gas, have broad development prospects.

6. Material science and technology field

Materials science has evolved from the study of composition, structure, and performance relationships to a comprehensive and systematic study of the composition, preparation, structure, processing, and performance of materials. Its salient feature is that materials science and materials technology are inseparable. Materials science in the 21st century The core issue with technological development is the discovery and development of new advanced materials.

Materials science and technology in the 21st century may have major breakthroughs in the following aspects: the discovery of the superconducting mechanism brings real breakthroughs to new superconducting materials; high-performance polymer fibers prepared using DNA technology have excellent properties that cannot be matched by metal materials such as steel. Mechanical properties; nanomaterials and nanotechnology will create the smallest machines, molecular machines, which can solve currently unsolvable bioengineering problems. It will create a new era of biology and technology; smart materials will have stronger bionic capabilities Function, it can be predicted that new methods and new technologies for discovering new materials will also have revolutionary breakthroughs in the 21st century.

Breakthroughs and developments in materials science and technology in the 21st century will provide broader development space for information, communications, medical care, manufacturing technology, aerospace technology, military and other fields and industries.

7. Biotechnology field

The future development of biotechnology depends on the width and height of the technology platform. It is expected that several new biotechnology platforms will be formed in the future. The establishment of these platforms will make the development of biotechnology unpredictable.

Biotechnology has three platforms, namely DNA recombination, cell culture and DNA chips, which have achieved considerable results and fostered a new biotechnology industry. It is expected that several new platforms will be formed in the new century.

The first is the genome platform. At present, the complete genome sequences of dozens of microorganisms and four model organisms have been entered into the database. The draft of the complete sequence of human genes has just been completed, which means that there are hundreds of thousands of genes and their encoded proteins. It can be used for genetic engineering and protein engineering, thereby greatly expanding the scope of the biotechnology industry.

The second platform is the biochip, which is the intersection and fusion of various high-tech technologies in the fields of molecular biology, chemistry and physics. It extends from DNA chips to silicon wafers containing various biological macromolecules and will eventually be combined with nanotechnology. Develop chips that operate in vitro into components that can perform certain functions in vivo.

The third platform is stem cell biology, which is the basis for cloning animals and cloning tissues and organs. The key to developing technology is to control the differentiation and development of totipotent or pluripotent stem cells. For example, neural stem cells can develop into various forms of the nervous system. Types of cells, the improvement of this platform will bring revolutionary progress to organ transplantation in medicine and the breeding of excellent livestock in agriculture.