The unparalleled talent of the country started from Harbin Institute of Technology

Chapter 242, Wang Junan, Pioneer Technology (asking for monthly tickets)

On the evening of January 9, 1984, at Wang Duoyu’s home in the teachers’ villa area of ​​Harbin Institute of Technology.

Liu Xiaoli suddenly felt severe pain in her lower abdomen and her pretty face turned pale.

"Duoyu, I think I'm about to give birth."

Wang Duoyu, Zheng Baoyin, Liang Xiufen and others have all taken action. The latter came over to help support Liu Xiaoli, while Zheng Baoyin helped to pick up Wang Junhong.

The family threw away the half-eaten meal and rushed out, but because it was windy and snowy outside, they had to put on more clothes for Liu Xiaoli. Wang Duoyu directly took a woolen blanket and wrapped Liu Xiaoli up.

Although Liu Xiaoli was wearing a mask of pain, she was still worried about getting this beautiful wool blanket dirty.

"Don't worry about that. You and your child are the most important. The wool blanket can be washed if it gets dirty, but if you and your child are blown by the wind, it will be no joke. Sit down, we are going to the hospital now."

After carrying Liu Xiaoli into the car without any explanation, Wang Duoyu ordered the security staff to drive, but did not let them drive too fast.

Liang Xiufen also followed beside them. After all, she was a lesbian, so she could help if there was anything she wanted, but it was not convenient for Wang Duoyu.

Fortunately, they arrived at the hospital safely and were taken to the delivery room.

After arriving at the hospital, the nurses and doctors on duty came to help, which made Wang Duoyu feel relieved.

After entering the delivery room, Wang Duoyu could only stand at the door. After a long time, Zheng Baoyin finally came to the hospital carrying Wang Junhong.

Since this is the affiliated hospital of Harbin Institute of Technology, it is right next to the campus, just over one kilometer away, which is not very far.

"Dad, what happened to Big Mom?"

The little guy doesn't know what giving birth is, and he is quite worried about his mother Liu Xiaoli.

"Your mother is fine. It won't be long before she gives birth to a brother or sister for you. Which one do you prefer?"

"Dad, I like my sister!"

"Haha, I like my sister too."

The father and son chatted for a while, and then Wang Duoyu asked Liang Xiufen to take the child home. Adults can skip meals, but children cannot.

And the child should be about to go to bed.

An hour later, Liu Xiaoli was still wailing in pain in the delivery room, and Wang Duoyu could only stand at the door and wait.

At this time, Lu Gongliang and others who had received the news had already rushed over, and Wu Congxin, Liu Taoshun and others had also arrived.

They were all at Harbin Institute of Technology, not far away, so after hearing the news, they rushed over immediately.

Everything related to Wang Duoyu is a big deal.

Although Wang Junhong is only three years old, he has already shown to be quite smart.

There is also no problem in preserving genes such as delicate facial features, fair skin, and intelligence for children.

Of course, that was all in the future. It was the 1980s, and many technologies had not yet appeared.

However, test-tube babies had already appeared in 1977 or 1987. At that time, there was a lot of discussion about this issue around the world. People believed that this was against human ethics and that such technology should not be developed further.

But in fact, in the future, in vitro fertilization has become a very common hospital project. Many women who have had their fallopian tubes removed for various reasons can use in vitro fertilization technology to successfully give birth to children.

In his previous life, Wang Duoyu had heard that the cost of an in vitro fertilization was only about 10,000 to 20,000 yuan, and even lower in some places.

Regardless of whether the "smart" gene can be inherited, Wang Junhong now does appear to be relatively smart.

As for the child Liu Xiaoli is about to give birth to, no matter what the future holds, it is Wang Duoyu's child, and Lu Gongliang and others will definitely pay attention to it.

It was really inappropriate to see a noisy group of people standing at the door of the delivery room waiting. Wang Duoyu thanked everyone and asked them to go back first.

As soon as they left, John Milnor, Charles Fefferman, David Bryant and others came over.

"Professor Wang, your child doesn't have a godfather yet, right? How about letting me be his godfather?"

There is a concept of godfather in foreign countries, especially in the United States. They believe in Catholicism, so many believers will find a godfather or godmother for their sons and daughters. It is somewhat similar to the so-called godfather and godmother in China, but not exactly the same.

Wang Duoyu naturally doesn't need to find a godfather for his child. Not to mention that he has no faith at all, and with his status and position, finding a so-called godfather for his child, wouldn't that just elevate his status?

Of course, Wang Duoyu would not do anything that would make himself uncomfortable.

So he directly rejected David Bryant and others' request.

At this moment, a sharp scream was heard in the delivery room, and then it became quiet.

The sudden silence made Wang Duoyu's heart jump. Could it be that Liu Xiaoli fainted from the pain?
It is said that giving birth is like walking through the gates of hell, and this is indeed true.

In the past, many people did not understand this. Even some women who gave birth to a child as easily as drinking water would not agree that giving birth to a child was related to the gates of hell.

However, the door of the delivery room was not pushed open by the doctor, which means that there should be nothing serious inside.

After a while, Liu Xiaoli moaned a few more times, her breath was weak and her voice was very low.

But soon, it stopped again, followed by a loud baby cry, and Wang Duoyu's nervous expression finally relaxed a lot.

Milno and the others also congratulated Wang Duoyu at this time. Wang Duoyu accepted them one by one and asked everyone to go back first, after all, it was getting late.

However, after a long time, Wang Duoyu still did not see the door of the delivery room being pushed open. He couldn't help but feel confused. Could there be something else?

It was not until a while later that a nurse came out of the delivery room and told Wang Duoyu a shocking news.

Liu Xiaoli gave birth to a son, but he needed a blood transfusion because of anemia.

During the previous prenatal checkup, Wang Duoyu already knew that she had mild anemia. The doctor said at the time that it was not a big problem and that their hospital would make relevant preparations in advance.

"Okay, thank you for your help then."

Wang Duoyu said gratefully.

As long as mother and child are safe, anemia should not be a big problem. After all, the doctor had given Wang Duoyu and Liu Xiaoli reassurances before.

After a long time, Wang Duoyu was allowed to enter the delivery room.

At this time, Liu Xiaoli was very weak, her face was extremely pale, and she was suffering from severe anemia.

"Have a good rest and don't think too much. I'll take care of everything!"

"But I gave birth to a son, not a daughter."

Liu Xiaoli said weakly.

She knew that Wang Duoyu liked daughters and often talked about it in front of her, but she didn't expect that she gave birth to a son.

We already have a naughty boy like Wang Junhong at home, and now there is another one. Well, our home will definitely be very lively in the future.

Wang Duoyu shook his head and said, "You'd better stop talking and take care of yourself first. Be good and do as I tell you."

The next day, Lu Gongliang and his group came, as did Old Wang's relatives.

In addition to being concerned about Liu Xiaoli's health, everyone is also concerned about what name to give the child and whether a full moon party will be held.
First of all, the child’s name should be simple, with few strokes and nice sounding, so we can just name him Wang Junan.

The second thing is the full moon banquet. Yesterday was the 9th, and today is Laba Festival. New Year's Eve is February 1st, which means that when the full moon comes, it will also be February 9th. This day is the eighth day of the Lunar New Year, and it seems that everyone has already gone to work by now.

Therefore, there is no plan to hold a full moon banquet. Even if it is to be held, it will probably just be a simple one.

Keep everything simple.

It hasn't been decided yet, we'll talk about it when the time comes. Anyway, if we do it, we will definitely notify everyone in advance.

After a lively time, Wang Duoyu had just sent everyone away when Liu Xiaoli persuaded him to leave as well.

"I'm much better now. You don't need to stay here all the time. It's enough for me to have Xiufen and Xiaojunhong by my side."

"No, I'm busy at the office anyway, so I'll just take a day off."

Wang Duoyu knew that she was just saying one thing and thinking another, so he didn't leave. Instead, he stayed in the hospital and accompanied her for the whole day.

The next day, Liu Deben came to find him and he returned to school.

Now, Wang Duoyu really couldn't stay in the hospital any longer.

Liu Deben sent a lot of gifts, including some supplements and old hens.

Regardless of the era, old hens are one of the tonics, especially in rural areas. In many rural areas, when the daughters-in-law are in confinement after childbirth, a large number of old hens are prepared.

In the rural areas of Guangdong, people also prepare some supplements such as ginseng and American ginseng. Of course, eggs, donkey-hide gelatin, bird's nest, etc. are also indispensable.

However, at that time in the 1980s, bird's nest was not available at all, so the most common food was old hens.

After staying in the hospital for a while, Liu Deben and Wang Duoyu returned to the secretary's office.

As soon as he sat down, Liu Deben took the initiative to apologize and mentioned the Pioneer Technology incident.

Wang Duoyu heard this with a blank expression on his face and said nothing.

Seeing that Liu Deben was indeed reviewing himself, Wang Duoyu waited until he finished speaking before speaking:
"Secretary, I know you are all very busy. Harbin Institute of Technology's rapid development is indeed inseparable from your strong support, but you must also understand that unity is the real magic weapon for success."

"If you have any problems, you can tell me directly. Don't try to be gullible. It's very sad."

"Forget about this incident. I don't want to see something like this happen again."

Liu Deben seriously stated that such a thing would not happen again and he had deeply realized his mistake.

It was indeed his instruction that caused Lu Gongliang and the others to be so passive and lazy. Otherwise, it would certainly not have been like this.

In name, the biggest parent at Harbin Institute of Technology is Liu Deben, followed by Lu Gongliang, and then the executive vice president Han Jue.

Although Wang Duoyu is only a full professor in the Department of Mathematics, his status is actually higher than that of Liu Deben and others, and his contributions are also very great.

It is very appropriate to describe it as the local tyrant of Harbin Institute of Technology.

However, the reality is that even if Wang Duoyu became the secretary of Harbin Institute of Technology, the people below would still do so if they wanted to pretend to obey but they would do so in a very covert way.

After all, in ancient times, even in the extremely centralized Whip Dynasty, the officials of the literati group below were not afraid of the emperor sitting on the dragon throne in the Forbidden City when they should pretend to obey.

Didn’t even the famous owner of Prince Gong’s Mansion deceive his superiors and subordinates?
Who dares to say anything? Who can say anything?

After skipping over this matter, Liu Deben frowned and asked Wang Duoyu about Pioneer Technology.

"Duoyu, how much confidence do you have in Pioneer Technology? Will our investment go to waste? Do you know how many problems we'll encounter after launching our aircraft engine R&D project?"

This is Liu Deben’s biggest concern, and what he is most worried about.

After all, Harbin Institute of Technology has worked hard to achieve the current prosperous situation, but Wang Duoyu is carrying out multiple projects at the same time, and they are all projects with very large investments.

The Mach 5 fighter jet project, the Nebula supercomputer project, the aviation engine project, the previous lithography machine project, etc., each of these projects has R&D funds in the billions.

Although the Nebula supercomputing project and the lithography machine project have bright prospects and have achieved relatively good results, a lot of funds will still be needed in the future.

Not to mention that after achieving a floating-point computing speed of 10 billion, the Nebula supercomputer will continue to move towards 100 billion and 1 trillion. It will definitely continue to burn more R&D funds after burning 500 million yuan.

Take the lithography machine project as an example. In June 1983, the immersion stepper and scanner lithography machine had been developed.

It can meet the process requirements of imaging resolution below 20 nanometers, but further research and development of 10 nanometers, nanometers, nanometers and other technologies will be needed.

Each level seems to be only from 45 to 20 nanometers, which seems not to have shrunk much, but the technical difficulty coefficient increases exponentially.

In the history of the original time and space, 22-nanometer chips did not appear until around the millennium. In fact, until , -nanometer technology was still the mainstream.

Therefore, technological breakthroughs are extremely difficult to achieve.

In response to Liu Deben's question, Wang Duoyu said calmly:

"Secretary, I want to talk to you about this issue today. By the way, are Lao Lu and Lao Han busy right now? If not, call them over and let's listen together."

Liu Deben: “.”

As for it?
We will soon know whether it is true or not.

More than ten minutes later, Lu Gongliang, Han Jue, and Jin Lirong made a total of five people.

Looking at the four people in front of him, Wang Duoyu said:

"I've previously discussed the strengths of Harbin Institute of Technology. I won't go into detail now. Let's discuss the aero-engine project. After that, you'll understand why I'm so confident."

According to the direction of air flow, aircraft engines are divided into centrifugal compressors and axial flow compressors.

The jet aircraft among the 100 Polar Bear Empire passenger aircraft in the country now actually use centrifugal compressors. This is because the centrifugal compressor has a low compression ratio, but a simple structure and low cost.

Many jet aircraft today use axial flow compressors.

The so-called axial flow compressor, as the name suggests, is a compressor in which the air flows along the main axis of the compressor. As the number of compressor stages increases, the channel through which the air flows gradually narrows, thereby reducing the air volume and increasing the pressure.

So why do aircraft engines now use compressors to compress the air?

Because under the same volume, the higher the compression ratio, the more air enters the combustion chamber, the faster the fuel combustion rate, the better the engine's power performance and the greater the power.

Generally, an engine has two types of compressors: low-pressure and high-pressure. In the industry, the ratio of the air pressure at the outlet of the high-pressure compressor to the air pressure at the inlet of the low-pressure compressor is called the engine's boost ratio.

The boost ratio is an important parameter to measure engine performance, which has a significant impact on the engine's output power and thermal efficiency.

When an aircraft engine is working, air first enters the engine through the air intake, and after the first round of supercharging by the low-pressure compressor, it is transported to the high-pressure compressor for supercharging again.

Many of Boeing's current civil airliner engines have a compression ratio of up to 45 or more.

The pressurized air is mixed with oil and gas and ignited in the combustion chamber, which is completely different from the sub-combustion ramjet engine.

The subsonic ramjet engine has no moving parts such as compressors and turbines. Of course, it is very powerful, but it needs to be ignited under hypersonic conditions.

Therefore, it is still very difficult to solve this problem.

The combustion chamber of an aircraft engine generally has a fuel atomization device, which automatically controls the engine through a negative feedback closed loop. It adjusts the amount of atomized fuel required based on the amount of compressed air entering the combustion chamber, simulating lean combustion and rich combustion, thereby ensuring high-efficiency operation of the engine.

The high-temperature and high-pressure gas discharged from the combustion chamber will first flow through the high-pressure turbine. Driven by this high-temperature and high-pressure gas, the high-pressure turbine rotates rapidly and drives the high-pressure rotor.

The high-pressure rotor then drives the high-pressure compressor blades to continue compressing the air, ensuring that the entire working cycle continues.

At the same time, the high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas will continue to flow to the low-pressure turbine, causing it to rotate and perform work, and drive the low-pressure rotor to rotate. The low-pressure rotor will drive the low-pressure compressor to continue compressing the air, completing an entire power cycle.

The airflow flowing through the outer duct and the high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas discharged from the tail nozzle will give the engine a forward thrust. This thrust is transmitted to the fuselage structure through the engine and the suspension points on the wing, pushing the aircraft forward.

However, the difficulties in the development of aircraft engines lie in control issues and material issues. Jet engine control is mainly divided into two aspects: one is pressure control and the other is temperature control.

For example, how to increase the pressure at the outlet of the high-pressure compressor, thereby increasing the compressor's compression ratio?

How to increase the temperature and pressure of the gas discharged from the tail nozzle so that the engine has stronger thrust?
And how to reduce the exhaust temperature of the low-pressure turbine, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the engine?
The above are only part of the research that requires researchers to conduct countless improvements to aerodynamic and thermal schemes and countless experiments to explore.

If these problems are not solved, it will definitely affect the working condition of the engine, causing serious conditions such as structural damage and mid-air shutdown.

It's already a lot just as a control issue.

However, Harbin Institute of Technology has a strong technical support team after all, so everything Wang Duoyu did before was not in vain.

For example, the Nebula supercomputing project, computational fluid dynamics simulation software, and the Mach 5 fighter jet project.

Although the development of sub-combustion ramjet engines is very different from that of civil aviation jet engines, it is still an engine after all.

Moreover, as time goes by, the Department of Aerospace will be able to cultivate more and more talents, and these are all very good scientific research seedlings.

It can even be said that the Department of Aerospace can provide them with targeted training of relevant technical talents during their four years of undergraduate study on the campus of Harbin Institute of Technology.

What's more, there are different majors such as the Department of Materials and the Department of Mechanical Engineering. Harbin Institute of Technology has already established all current majors in science and engineering, so it will have all the talents it needs in the future.

The second problem is the materials. There is no way to solve this problem. Wang Duoyu also knows that this problem is very important, and he does not have much confidence in being able to make a breakthrough.

However, with such a large population in the country, there will always be geniuses emerging.

Under extreme high temperature and high pressure conditions, the harsh environment places extremely demanding requirements on the material manufacturing process of components such as turbines that are always in operation.

Taking the blades on the turbine as an example, Wang Duoyu knows that future aircraft engine turbine blades will be manufactured using powder metallurgy technology to create these hollow blades.

Because the hollow structure inside the blade has a special direction and configuration, which is different from the rifling of a firearm, but the material manufacturing process requirements are very high, that is for sure.

Therefore, in order to avoid stress concentration and structural defects caused by split casting, blades and blisks are required to be cast in one go, so the process is very difficult.

Rarely seen in the world!

In addition to the turbine, there are also wide-chord blades for turbofan engines. During the manufacturing process, it is necessary to consider issues such as the blade structure of the blade basin or blade back titanium skin and titanium alloy honeycomb sandwich designed to reduce weight and increase strength.

In addition, the wide-chord fan blades formed by diffusion bonding and superplastic forming are also an extremely difficult forming process.

"Another type is a hollow hole blade. This blade uses a wave-shaped reinforcement structure sandwiched between two layers of titanium alloy, which can reduce weight while also increasing the strength of the entire fan blade."

Wang Duoyu said so.

At this time, Liu Deben and the other three were silent because they were so shocked that they couldn't speak.

None of them had expected that Wang Duoyu had conducted such thorough and precise research on the difficulty of developing aircraft engines.

The control problem is easy to solve because Harbin Institute of Technology does have great advantages today, not only because of the computational fluid dynamics simulation software, but also because of the presence of Professor Wang Duoyu, a mathematics professor.

Harbin Institute of Technology has a large team of mathematics professors, although the team of mathematics professors truly trained by Harbin Institute of Technology is not strong enough at present.

But it’s already very impressive.

After all, Wang Duoyu alone is equivalent to dozens or hundreds of top mathematicians.

Besides, in some fields, the more top mathematicians there are, the better it is not the case. The argument that quality is not enough and the number of people makes up for it is useless in the field of mathematics.

No, just no!
As time goes by, the math problems that were difficult to solve when you were young will become even more impossible to solve when you are old.

Wang Duoyu has long proven with his strength that he is the most talented mathematician in the field of mathematics in the world, without a doubt.

Otherwise, they would not call Michael Atiyah and Alexander Grothendieck the greatest mathematicians of the 20th century, but give Wang Duoyu the title of Emperor of Mathematics.

In the process of developing aircraft engines, the control problems encountered, whether it is controlling temperature or controlling pressure, can be solved by using mathematics and computers.

Because these are all related to computational fluid dynamics.

Wang Duoyu has studied the problem of strong solutions to the Navier-Stokes equations for such a long time that he has already gained a relatively in-depth understanding and has also proposed mathematical tools such as the singularity energy gradient theory.

Therefore, based on these efforts, Wang Duoyu believes that he can still solve the control problems in the development process of aircraft engines relatively easily.

But when it comes to materials, he can only put forward some of his own ideas, but the specific technical development still needs to be completed by more professional personnel.

As the jewel in the crown of industry, the design and manufacture of aircraft engines has always been a system engineering project with high precision requirements and complex structural design.

"So, Duoyu, can you help me design all the blueprints for an engine?"

Han Jue couldn't help asking, but Liu Deben interrupted:

"Don't ask that question, Duoyu. You probably don't have that much work to do now. Could you please lead the design work for the aero-engine project? The technical team can handle the specific design work. You don't need to worry about it. Just give some guidance."

Wang Duoyu rolled his eyes and said:
"Secretary, with the limited staff at Pioneer Technology right now, how can we possibly complete the design work? We should recruit people as soon as possible. After the Lantern Festival, when everyone is here, we can talk about it later."

"By the way, I don't need to say anything more about how to recruit people, right?"

Liu Deben, Lu Gongliang, Han Jue and Jin Lirong all smiled awkwardly and shook their heads.

Because it's very simple, there's really no need for Wang Duoyu to provide any advice.

You have to know that it is January now and the Spring Festival is approaching. In other words, the graduation season in July next year is not far away.

Among the seven national defense universities, there are many graduates in aerospace field, including Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, and Nanjing University of Science and Technology.

Harbin Institute of Technology can definitely recruit talents in science and engineering related to materials science, mechanical manufacturing, etc. in advance.

When it comes to poaching talent, Harbin Institute of Technology is definitely experienced and has earned the nickname "notorious" among many scientific research institutes and university institutions across the country.

There is no way. Everyone has been cheated by Harbin Institute of Technology. Many college students have been poached, and these college students are the talents urgently needed by ministries, scientific research institutions and other places.

Since Liu Deben and the others said they didn't need his help, Wang Duoyu got up and left with satisfaction.

To be honest, it was not Wang Duoyu's intention to lose his temper this time, but if Pioneer Technology could have started earlier, the domestically produced passenger aircraft could have been launched earlier.

After returning to the hospital, Liu Xiaoli was able to get out of bed and walk around, but when she saw Wang Duoyu, she immediately became less strong and her expression became much more painful.

"Hey, you just gave birth less than two days ago, why are you walking down here?"

Wang Duoyu felt distressed, but couldn't bear to scold him:

"You are clearly anemic. The doctor said you should exercise more and walk more, but this is not the right time."

Liang Xiufen and Wang Junhong, who were standing next to them, stared at each other, not knowing what to say.

It was obvious that Liu Xiaoli got out of bed to go to the bathroom by herself just now, and there was no need for Liang Xiufen to take care of her excrement and urine at all.

In fact, Liu Xiaoli's parents have come several times, but they are also very busy. It is good enough that they can find time to come and visit her. It is basically impossible for them to stay and take care of her.

Women who act coquettishly have the best life!

It is obvious that Liu Xiaoli knows how to act coquettishly, and she is very good at it.

After helping her back to bed, Wang Duoyu asked:

"Did the doctor say when I can go home?"

"Maybe in a day or two. The doctor hasn't given a specific time."

The baby was born on the night of the 9th. On the 10th, Wang Duoyu stayed with her in the hospital all day. Now it is the 11th, so it has not even been two days in total.

Is it too early to talk about discharge at this time?
Just at this moment, the doctor came to check on her. She examined Liu Xiaoli and asked a few questions.

Then I asked her to get out of bed and walk around to exercise more.

Wang Duoyu saw that her expression was normal and she didn't wear a mask of pain when she walked around, so she was just acting?
Wang Duoyu was at a loss whether to laugh or cry, and had no intention of exposing her.

At this time, the doctor also said that the patient could be discharged from the hospital in this case, but after returning home, he still needed to rest more and eat more nourishing foods, such as eggs, old hens, etc.

Liang Xiufen, who has experienced this, is very clear about this point, but there are not so many rules in her rural hometown.

In my hometown in the countryside, especially women who give birth during the busy farming seasons such as April and May, have to go to the fields to work the next day after giving birth.

It can almost be said that you can only rest for one day on the day of production, and then you have to go back to work.

Even before the end of the confinement period, she had already started doing heavy work, which was no different from before she was pregnant.

The countryside is the countryside, and it has nothing to do with Liu Xiaoli today.

However, since the doctor has said that I can be discharged from the hospital, it is definitely better to be discharged.

After all, the smell of disinfectant in the hospital is relatively strong, and staying in the hospital is definitely not as comfortable as staying at home.

When the little guy Wang Junhong heard that he could go home, he was overjoyed.

After a while, everyone packed up their things and took a car back home.

Of course, it’s only about a kilometer away, and it’s just a matter of stepping on the accelerator, so I got home quite quickly.

After returning home, it is time to start the confinement period.

However, before the confinement period, Liu Xiaoli had not done much heavy work, and there was no need for her to do any heavy work.

Perhaps this is also the reason why her parents are more at ease with her. After all, apart from not getting a marriage certificate with her or holding a big banquet, Wang Duoyu has indeed satisfied her in other aspects.

Things like hardware, as well as daily life and diet, are all done very well.

Liang Xiufen is a relative of Old Wang's family, and she also takes care of and respects Liu Xiaoli as her ninth aunt.

If she was a little impatient or something, there would definitely be a lot of relatives of the Wang family willing to take over her job.

Not to mention others, Wang Yumin and the others spoke up many times, but it was only Wang Duoyu who suppressed them. Otherwise, how could there be any Liang Xiufen's case?

After arriving home, everything soon calmed down and life returned to normal.

In the next few days, Wang Duoyu tried to spend more time at home.

He tries to stay at home as much as possible during the time he would have spent in the office.

But this made the little brat Wang Junhong very happy. He would run to the study and knock on the door from time to time. Wang Duoyu was so angry that he pulled down the little guy's pants and slapped him a few times.

So the little guy started crying loudly, then behaved himself for half an hour, and then started harassing his father again.

It's a typical case of forgetting the pain once the wound has healed.

So it’s true that he is naughty.

Wang Duoyu had no choice but to call Wang Jianchao and ask him to help pick up his eighth sister's children.

With the company of his little friend, Wang Junhong really stopped disturbing his father, but the house became noisy again.

There is really no time to spare.

After all, once you have a friend, you can either play hide-and-seek or run around noisily; it's impossible to stop.

Until this day, Charles Feefman came to Wang Duoyu to talk about the Navier-Stokes equations.

Charles had talked to Wang Duoyu about the forced solution of this equation earlier, but the progress was very slow, or even no progress at all.

In the office of the Department of Mathematics teaching building, Wang Duoyu and Charles Fefferman were communicating with each other.

As we all know, turbulence is caused by singularities, and only unsteady flows can produce singularities that cause turbulence.

For this unsteady turbulence, Wang Duoyu and his colleagues can only rely on experimental observation and measurement to help solve the problem.

Unfortunately, after Charles Fefferman's speculation and calculations, no new discoveries have actually been made with the data he has obtained.

So after two days of research, I had to give up.

However, Charles Fefferman left, but Wang Duoyu came up with a new idea.

That is, does the three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equation have the existence and uniqueness of solutions?

Thinking of this, Wang Duoyu immediately took action.

He did not continue to derive the basic lemma of the Langlands program. Instead, he struck while the iron was hot and completed this part of the theory first.

The problem of smoothness of the solution of the Navier-Stokes equations is actually to give a time variable and observe whether singularities appear in the flow field as time increases.

If no singularities occur, then the solution to the equation is smooth.

On the contrary, if a singularity appears, there is no solution at the singularity position. In this way, the solution of the Navier-Stokes equations is not smooth in the global domain.

As we all know, the definition of a singularity in mathematics includes two categories: one is that the function becomes infinite, and the other is that the function is not differentiable.

The first point shows that the solution does not exist at the singularity and has no physical meaning, that is, it does not correspond to any physical phenomenon.

If the function at the second point is not differentiable, it means that there is no derivative at the singularity and the solution of the function does not exist, but it does not necessarily have no physical meaning, such as shock waves in supersonic flow.

The second type of singularity is that there is no solution to the partial differential equation at the singularity position, and the solution near the singularity is not smooth, so there is no smooth solution in the entire computational domain.

However, Wang Duoyu knew that there could be an approximate solution at the singularity position, and this solution generally expressed a certain physical phenomenon.

For example, in the fields of computational mathematics and computational physics, Wang Duoyu had previously derived two computational methods: the weighted essentially non-oscillatory algorithm and the discontinuous Galerkin method. The purpose of these methods is to use approximation to capture singularities and gradients such as shock waves or detonation waves as accurately as possible.

Let’s first talk about the weighted essential non-oscillation algorithm, which is a high-order precision numerical method mainly used to solve the convection terms in partial differential equations, especially when dealing with problems with discontinuous or sharp gradients.

The core idea is to select an optimal template from multiple candidate templates to calculate the numerical flux in order to reduce numerical oscillations and maintain high-order accuracy.

The discontinuous Galerkin method is also a numerical method. For the differential method problem to be solved, its weak solution form is simplified into a system of linear equations by testing function expansion and flux continuity conditions on the boundary.

This method is easy to solve and has high applicability, so after Wang Duoyu came up with it, it has been widely used in the entire field of numerical algorithms.

One of the reasons why Harbin Institute of Technology's computational fluid dynamics simulation software project has been able to develop so rapidly is that it is based on the numerical calculation methods proposed by Wang Duoyu.

Returning to the current paper title of the existence and uniqueness of solutions to the three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations, Wang Duoyu continued to derive:
Shock waves and turbulence are both physical phenomena expressed by this second type of singularity, and both occur inside the fluid.

If there were no singularity, there would be no way to express this physical phenomenon.

That is, turbulence is caused by second-kind singularities.

The Navier-Stokes equations are nonlinear partial differential equations. If we explore or look for the singularities of the Navier-Stokes equations, we must take both of the above two possible singularity cases into account and filter them. We cannot only consider the first case and ignore the second case.

So how to solve it?
(End of this chapter)