1900: A physics genius wandering around Europe

Chapter 536: The dispute over the orthodoxy! The cause and effect of everyone! The explanation of the second question! Unexpected! Perfect ending!
Einstein: "Does God play dice?"

Bruce: "Einstein, don't tell God what to do!"

This brief conversation deeply shocked everyone present!

Silent as a cicada!

At this moment, in the eyes of everyone, Professor Bruce's aura was so terrifying that it surpassed everything!
It even gives people a chilling illusion.

"God created the probability wave on the third day according to Professor Bruce's will."

Wow!
Such a rebellious idea made everyone's soul tremble with horror!

No one dared to show it, it was too scary.

But this feeling is deeply engraved in their hearts.

Never forget!

After Lorentz’s summary and Schrödinger’s question, everyone has fully understood the probability wave.

Although most people have not yet recognized it, this does not hinder the amazingness of the probability wave.

After all, it was the great theory proposed by Professor Bruce.

No one is confident enough to directly deny its correctness.

The existence of probability waves breaks the law of causality that people are accustomed to and subverts people's understanding of the world.

This world is actually a completely random process in the microscopic field!
How incredible this is!

You have to know that this is true randomness, not statistical pseudo-randomness.

True randomness means that even gods cannot interfere!

It transcends all rules in the world!
It’s chilling to think about it!

However, in the macroscopic realm, things become orderly and have causes and effects.

Newton's laws still apply.

The apple will fall only if there is gravity; without gravity, the apple will remain in its original state and float in the air.

This is the face of the world that humans are accustomed to.

From the micro to the macro, it is unknown what happened in between that turned probability into fact.

But no matter what, probability waves are a huge thing that shakes the foundation of physics.

It is just like how the theory of relativity shook Newton's absolute view of space and time.

Everyone was horrified:

"Could it be that this time, Professor Bruce will create a miracle again?"

"He will once again overturn the foundations of physics!"

Einstein's eyes sparkled!
His blood was boiling and his muscles were trembling!

It was an intense feeling that was indescribable.

He and his best friend, Professor Bruce, had a real academic dispute! A dispute over the orthodoxy!
With the current probability wave, neither side can convince the other.

Even with Professor Rutherford's experimental evidence just now, it cannot fully prove the existence of probability waves.

But no one could deny it, as they had no evidence or reason.

That is a self-consistent theory.

This may even rise to a battle of beliefs and concepts in the future!
Anyone who believes in probability waves is a disciple of the Bruce School.

Anyone who doesn’t believe in probability waves can go wherever they want.

Instead of being angry, Einstein was ecstatic.

"Bruce, you are not only my lifelong friend, but also my lifelong enemy!"

"Happy! Hurray!"

Bohr's face was full of smiles.

His questions about wave mechanics actually led Professor Bruce to propose the concept of probability waves.

He felt proud of it!
“A good question leads to a good theory!”

"The Bohr Institute has to add another rule."

As Professor Bruce's number one disciple and top general, Bohr was the fastest to accept probability waves.

This is not blind loyalty, he has his own persistence and tradition.

It’s just that the mentor’s theory coincides with his thoughts.

There is nothing more exciting than this.

Bohr looked at the figure on the stage and said to himself happily:
"The best decision I made in my life was to study physics."

"The happiest decision in my life is to become Professor Bruce's student."

"Otherwise, how can I get a glimpse of the mystery and wonder of the universe!"

At this moment, the atmosphere in the venue was lively.

Everyone was talking about it.

Einstein and Bohr represent two extremes.

One firmly believes that the probability wave is wrong, and the other firmly believes that the probability wave is right.

However, most people remained neutral or moderate, like Rutherford.

The absurdity of probability waves was hard for them to accept; and Professor Bruce's profound knowledge made them waver.

However, in any case, probability waves will become the next focus of quantum mechanics.

It completely replaced the dispute between matrix mechanics and wave mechanics, and led to the second debate in quantum mechanics!
The battle for the essence of the world!

Schrödinger came out of his loss.

Today's meeting was of vital importance to him and it brought about a complete transformation in him.

It was the first time for him to publicize his ideas in a formal setting, discuss with others, and even compete with Professor Bruce!

What a proud and magnificent experience this is!

Although probability waves denied his interpretation of wave functions, Schrödinger insisted on his own ideas.

He has completed the transition from physicist to physicist.

"Maybe it's time for me to graduate from the Quantum Institute!"

He wanted to learn from Bohr, create his own style and establish his own school.

Professor Bruce had been encouraging them to do so.

Geniuses like Pauli, Heisenberg, and Irene cannot stay under our wings forever; sooner or later they will have to fly independently.

"The Quantum Institute is a prelude to your growth, not a shackle that binds you."

“Everyone must be independent and lead the times!”

This is Professor Bruce’s highest expectation for everyone!
Schrödinger was in high spirits.

In his future career, he will continue to have public discussions with his beloved Professor Bruce as both a teacher and a friend!

"I will never give up in the battle of probability waves!"

At this moment, everyone had different expressions, but everyone was enjoying it and feeling satisfied.

Today's meeting was as exciting as the Bruce meeting.

At this time, Lorenz smiled and said:

"The probability wave proposed by Professor Bruce explains the problem previously raised by Professor Bohr on wave mechanics."

"Although I know that it is difficult for everyone to accept this theory for the time being, at least Professor Bruce's logic is self-consistent."

"As long as we acknowledge the existence of probability waves, we will definitely get this result."

“So, I think his answer is fine.”

“I think we may need a separate meeting for the discussion of probability waves.”

"After all, this concept is too bizarre, and everyone needs time to digest and think about it."

"Maybe after some time, we'll be able to defeat Bruce!"

Everyone smiled knowingly!
The dispute between matrix mechanics and wave mechanics was divided into the matrix school, the wave school, and the neutral school.

However, the situation was reversed when Professor Bruce proved that the two were equivalent.

Now it’s a battle between wave functions and probability waves!
Professor Bruce fights against all the heroes in the world alone!

Horror!
"Can that man really be defeated?"

At this time, Lorenz continued: "Bruce, now it's time for you to answer the second question."

Wow!
Everyone was shocked!
They had almost forgotten about it.

Professor Bruce said he wanted to answer questions from both Bohr and Einstein.

Now there is only one.

Everyone was suddenly surprised:
"Is there something more powerful?"

Heisenberg's eyes widened instantly.

Professor Bruce just showed his prowess. The emergence of probability wave has greatly enriched the connotation of wave mechanics and brought this theory to a higher level.

So, is his matrix mechanics also applicable?
What incredible theories will be born from the problem of cloud chamber trajectory continuity?
Heisenberg swallowed, he started to get a little nervous, staring straight at the stage, his face full of anticipation.

At this moment, Li Qiwei smiled gently.

"Matrix mechanics problems are relatively simple."

"Professor Einstein just questioned that the trajectory of electrons in the cloud chamber is continuous and complete, not discontinuous."

"This seems to contradict the idea of ​​matrix mechanics."

“But it’s easy to explain.”

"We can see the complete path of the electron in the cloud chamber because there is a lot of water mist in the cloud chamber."

"This mist is made up of small water droplets."

"However, no matter how small a water droplet is, its size is much, much larger than that of an electron, by orders of magnitude."

"If you magnify the water droplets and look at them again, you'll find that the electron's path is still discontinuous."

"That's the explanation for the cloud chamber problem."

"Of course, I can't demonstrate it for you right now."

"However, after the meeting, I will ask Professor Wilson, the inventor of the cloud chamber, to clarify it himself."

ha?
Is this the end?
Everyone felt incredible.

I didn’t expect the answer to the question to be so simple!
It's as simple as zooming in on the cloud chamber track.

Although no one present could think of this idea, it indeed pales in comparison to the probability wave.

Planck laughed:
"pretty good."

"If Bruce comes up with any more shocking theories, I'm afraid my heart won't be able to take it."

Everyone smiled knowingly.

After hearing the last sentence, Rutherford shook his head slightly.

He could even imagine Wilson grinning.

The other party will definitely show off.

With the probability wave in front of it, this explanation did not cause any ripples.

Everything seemed so natural.

"From this perspective, the matrix mechanics is still quite perfect, there are no major loopholes."

"If the mathematics weren't so complicated, matrix mechanics would probably be the more popular approach, not wave mechanics."

"."

However, Heisenberg was crestfallen and sighed.

My problem was solved so simply by Professor Bruce.

Where's the shock?
Where is the fear?
But then he thought, doesn't this further demonstrate the superiority of matrix mechanics?

Even Professor Bruce couldn't find any flaws in it.

You can see how awesome it is.

So Heisenberg became happy again.

Li Qiwei looked at everyone's expressions and smiled slightly.

The cloud chamber issue is not without shock, but it is too shocking!
This leads to the uncertainty principle that shocked the physics world.

That is another incredible quantum mechanics theory that can be compared with probability waves.

If probability waves violate causality, then the uncertainty principle violates determinism.

Also incredible!

Equally shocking!

It is also a nuclear bomb-level achievement.

However, Li Qiwei had already decided the timing of its publication in advance.

In a few months, it will be the 50th anniversary of the completion of the Cavendish Laboratory.

At the suggestion of Ridgway and Rutherford, the laboratory will hold an internal celebration.

All scholars who have worked and studied at Cavendish are invited to come together.

When Thomson heard the news, he strongly supported it and attended the meeting in person.

He added:
“People like Bruce who have become independent can bring along their own students or researchers.”

“Show the world the outstanding contributions that the Cavendish Laboratory has made to the world of physics!”

After hearing this, everyone was moved and gladly accepted the order!

Everyone who walks out of the Cavendish Laboratory is very proud.

"Cavendish is to the world of physics what the Industrial Revolution was to the world!"

Li Qiwei smiled slightly, and laughed in his heart:

"When the time comes, let me add another wonderful touch to the commemoration of the Cavendish Laboratory."

At this moment, facing Professor Bruce's answer, everyone reacted calmly, without the shock and emotion just now.

It seems that everyone has accepted the correctness of matrix mechanics.

In fact, from the beginning of the meeting to now, everyone's mentality has undergone a huge change.

Before today, matrix mechanics and wave mechanics, as two expressions of quantum mechanics, were controversial.

Although the physics community marvels at the amazingness of the two theories, there are still many skeptics.

In particular, the two theories conflict with each other, which increases the risk of theoretical errors.

But after today's meeting, the bigwigs present are confident that the physics community will completely recognize matrix mechanics and wave mechanics.

They are the accepted orthodoxy of quantum mechanics.

From Newtonian mechanics to relativity.

From old quantum theory to quantum mechanics.

Every innovation is a leap forward in the field of physics!
Finally, Lorenz concluded:
"Today's discussion session can be said to be the most exciting one in my decades of hosting career."

"Even an old guy like me can't help but get excited!"

“I hope there will be more meetings like this in the future.”

"Maybe I can be a few years younger."

Everyone laughed.

"Let us give the warmest applause to thank the speakers for their wonderful performances."

Snapped!
Thunderous applause suddenly broke out in the venue! It lasted for a long time!

In the afternoon and the next day, the experts discussed related topics again and summarized the achievements and problems of this quantum mechanics conference.

First, it is determined that matrix mechanics and wave mechanics are equivalent and are two different expressions of quantum mechanics;
Second, acknowledge that both are orthodox in quantum mechanics.

Third, matter wave theory urgently needs experimental verification;

Fourth, how to correctly understand the wave-particle duality of electrons, and more profoundly, what is the electron now?
Fifth, probability wave theory and how to use probability waves to explain the fourth question.
-
1923 10 Month 26 Day.

The Quantum Mechanics Conference concluded successfully at the University of Amsterdam.

The bosses had a great conversation and there was no sadness of parting at all.

Everyone's eyes were filled with anticipation.

Lorenz smiled and joked:
“At next year’s Bruce Conference, I hope there’s someone here who can lead us in challenging the Bruce!”

Everyone laughed.

They felt in their hearts that the content of today's meeting would surely shock the physics community.

Quantum mechanics finally achieved success!
The probability wave is shocking!
(End of this chapter)