1900: A physics genius wandering around Europe

Chapter 476 The challenge of the younger generation! The fatal flaw of the powerful! The strange beta decay!

The strong proposal is definitely a earth-shaking event that affects the foundation of the entire physics.

From now on, there are no longer two, but three fundamental forces in the universe!

Human beings' understanding of the world has taken a step forward.

The many bigwigs and geniuses present easily understood Irena's theoretical derivation and experimental process.

No one can think of any other reason why protons and neutrons can stick together and not separate, except for the existence of a third force.

Most people quickly accepted the concept.

This is also due to Li Qiwei's previous public predictions.

He prepared everyone mentally for the third force in advance.

Otherwise, at least there are still three chapters of water. Ah, not shocking.

Despite this, the powerful concept still shocked the bigwigs and they couldn't calm down for a long time.

But there was a hint of helplessness on Rutherford's face.

It's powerful, but it's too difficult to study.

The study of the interior of the atomic nucleus is an extremely high-end field in this era.

There is no means of directly observing the nucleus of an atom.

We can only try our luck through particle impact experiments.

But after looking at Irena's data, the bosses all felt that this road was extremely difficult.

Unless a more powerful accelerator can be invented to accelerate the particles to a speed close to the speed of light.

Only then will it be possible to glimpse the secret of power.

Therefore, Rutherford could not help but sigh:

"Bruce has once again come up with a concept that is ahead of its time."

"We can only start studying strong forces after new developments in physical technology."

"Now we can only try to mathematically construct a strong mechanism of action through theoretical conjecture."

After hearing what Rutherford said, everyone nodded in agreement.

After all, even the neutron has not been truly discovered yet.

However, this did not affect everyone's excitement at all.

In any case, this is a great discovery that shocked the academic world.

When the meeting is over and the concept of strong force is announced, it will surely cause a huge sensation in the physics community.

At this moment, everyone's eyes were not looking at Professor Bruce, but at Irena.

They all heard clearly just now that the theoretical and experimental work on strong force was all done by Irena.

That's really amazing.

If Professor Bruce had done everything by himself, everyone would be shocked but would also think it was natural.

Even if someone told them now that Professor Bruce was an alien, they would not be surprised.

But Irena is completely different.

In everyone's eyes, she is a "lively" and smart girl.

Through tireless efforts and under the guidance of Professor Bruce, we have achieved brilliant results.

What an inspiring story!

Madame Curie had a beautiful smile on her face.

Before, Irena had been keeping her in suspense, saying that she would soon become famous.

She didn't expect that her daughter would do such an important job.

She felt extremely proud, even happier than if she had won two Nobel Prizes.

The other big guys smiled and sighed:
"Irene is indeed worthy of being the daughter of Marie Curie."

"If she can also win the Nobel Prize in Physics, I'm afraid the physics community will have another great story."

Although the father and son Bragg won the Nobel Prize at the same time, they were men after all, and the sensation was limited.

But if it were Marie Curie and her daughter, it would be shocking enough.

Pauli and other young people were full of envy.

Following Professor Bruce, there is indeed meat to eat.

For any physics student, it is a rare opportunity to be able to participate in such cutting-edge physics research.

It is not an exaggeration to say that it is a quick success.

However, Irena herself was relatively calm.

She was well aware that the current theory of strong power was still very immature and far from being something to be proud of.

At least, the mechanism of its powerful action is not clear yet.

In real history, strength is more complicated than imagined.

The meson theory, first proposed by Hideki Yukawa, only studied the strong force between protons and neutrons.

However, with the development of particle physics, physicists have discovered hundreds of particles that have strong force.

These particles are collectively called hadrons.

In order to uniformly describe the strong force between so many hadrons, a new theory is inevitably needed.

Thus, based on the meson theory, quantum chromodynamics was born.

Therefore, the connotation of power is very rich. Putting forward the concept of power now is just the beginning.

There was another thing that made Irena feel a little regretful.

That is the concept of strong force, which can only be discussed in high-end physics circles and cannot be spread widely.

It is a difficult and obscure academic concept that has nothing to do with the daily lives of ordinary people.

In real history, the discovery of powerful force is absolutely a groundbreaking achievement in the field of physics.

But ordinary people know very little.

It is far less famous than the theory of relativity and quantum mechanics, and anyone can talk about it.

Because strong force is not as ubiquitous in daily life as gravity and electromagnetism.

The sun rises and the moon sets, and there are lightning and thunder.
Jumping from a building will cause broken bones, and being electrocuted will cause pain.
These natural phenomena are caused by gravity and electromagnetic force, and ordinary people can experience them firsthand.

As for power, no one can feel it intuitively.

If you can't feel it, then of course you won't care.

Oh, no!

People in one country have experienced power up close.

This is also why many great people emerged in the field of particle physics later on, but their fame is not that great.

Not to mention Newton and Einstein, he can't even compare with pseudo-great people like Hawking.

The reason is that it is too profound and too advanced, and has deviated from the knowledge structure of ordinary people.

Even if a person does not understand physics, he can imagine what a black hole looks like, so he thinks Hawking is really awesome.

But he absolutely could not understand how the particles in the Standard Model interacted with each other.

Therefore, the top group of physicists are all lonely seekers.

However, Irena's emotion was only fleeting.

Because, all the people in this world who can understand her are sitting here, smiling at her.

At this moment, the only one who was sad in the crowd was probably Einstein.

With the emergence of powerful forces, the unified field theory collapsed halfway.

Einstein felt very disappointed.

In real history, although Einstein was one of the founders of quantum mechanics, he always despised this theory.

Therefore, there is absolutely no place for quantum mechanics in his unified field theory.

This was also one of the reasons why his path to unification failed in his later years.

Ehrenfest patted his old friend on the shoulder and said with a smile:
"Don't lose heart. It's not too late to switch careers and study strength now."

Upon hearing this, Einstein rekindled his fighting spirit.

"Do not."

“I will not give up my path to unity.”

"Since there is a new force, I will modify my theoretical framework to include the strong force as well."

"I believe I can succeed."

Ehrenfest was impressed by the ambition.

He knew that his old friend was also a genius, but his brilliance was overshadowed by Professor Bruce.

But the other party never complained about himself, but climbed to the top.

At this moment, he seemed to understand why Professor Bruce admired Einstein so much.

The two have extremely similar personalities and appreciate each other.

In the pursuit of truth, they always dare to draw their swords!
No matter how difficult the road ahead is, it cannot stop them. After proposing the concept of strong force, Ridgway reviewed the development of atomic science and quantum theory since the second Bruce Conference.

At the end of his speech, he pointed out the two most urgent directions in current physics.

"In the experimental field, prove the existence of neutrons."

"In the theoretical field, the quantum theory is reconstructed."

"I believe that in the next few years, there will be another breakthrough in physics!"

Wow!
There was thunderous applause in the conference room.

Li Qiwei's speech once again conquered everyone.

Lorenz concluded with emotion:
“I have to say, it’s always a pleasure to chair a meeting with Bruce.”

“His speeches never disappoint.”

“The purpose of holding a Bruce conference has never been to discuss known theories and phenomena.”

"It's about pushing the boundaries of physics and opening up new areas."

"So, Bruce likes to raise all kinds of speculations in meetings."

"In the first session, he predicted the two pillars of modern physics."

"In the second session, he believed that the ultimate goal of physics is unification."

"And now, he has proposed the concept of force, artificially making unification more difficult."

"I just saw that Einstein looked very unhappy."

Lorenz's humorous tone made everyone smile.

"Now, if you have any questions about Professor Bruce's speech, please raise them."

“After the questions are answered, we will move on to the next session.”

"Especially you young people."

“We must seize the opportunity.”

"In today's situation, even if you make mistakes again, no one will blame you."

“What physics needs is the collision of ideas, not the submission of one idea to another.”

"So, challenge Professor Bruce!"

Wow!
With just a few words, Lorenz fooled the many geniuses present and made them scream with excitement, as if they had been injected with chicken blood.

As the best among his peers, every genius present is proud and arrogant.

Even Professor Bruce couldn't make them surrender.

Then, everyone started to ask questions enthusiastically.

Pauli took the lead and raised questions about Irena's calculation model.

He spoke eloquently and confidently, which made the bosses very pleased.

“This is the vigor that young people should have.”

"Physics needs this kind of fresh blood."

Irena fought on behalf of her master, and facing Pauli, her fighting power was doubled.

The two sides argued with each other and the discussion was exciting.

The atmosphere in the venue also began to heat up.

In the crowd, Chadwick frowned slightly.

He just turned 30 this year, which is at the upper limit of the young group.

He is considered the big brother of the dozens of geniuses present.

He was once regarded as a great genius by everyone, and his experience was full of legends.

He was imprisoned in Germany along with Eddington and others, and was finally rescued by Professor Bruce who gathered the efforts of scientists from all over the world.

Chadwick was in high spirits at that time.

He felt that he would definitely stir up the world of physics in the future.

However, as time went by, he felt more and more how worthless genius was in physics.

Ten years passed in a flash.

Although he is a genius, he has not published any brilliant results.

He deeply understood why everyone was willing to call Professor Bruce a great scientist.

That is not a compliment, but a genuine admiration for the pinnacle of wisdom.

However, the accumulation of these years has also allowed Chadwick to make greater progress.

He no longer clings to flashes of genius.

Instead, he followed the example of his mentor, Rutherford, and steadily learned the methods and logic of experimental physics.

As Rutherford's eldest disciple and right-hand man, Chadwick was considered an authority on atomic science among his peers present.

He has done almost all the experiments related to atoms.

With the support of the Cavendish Laboratory, he naturally has an advantage over others.

So he developed a great interest in strength.

But soon, his rich experimental experience suddenly made him discover a problem.

After careful consideration, he found that this problem might be a fatal bug.

At this moment, Chadwick's heart beat faster.

He suddenly felt that he had discovered something extraordinary, which might shake the foundation of his power.

That’s awesome!

He tried his best to calm himself down.

After the battle between Irena and Pauli was over, he stood up calmly.

"Professor Bruce, I have a question."

"Since the strength of the strong force is so great, it is hundreds of millions times stronger than gravity."

"Then how can beta decay occur in the nucleus?"

"Not to mention how neutrons can be transformed into protons under such strong constraints."

"Even if it really happened, how could the electrons released in beta decay escape the strong constraints and be emitted from the nucleus?"

"Could it be that strong force has no effect on electrons?"

"I hope you can answer this for me, Professor."

Wow!
As soon as Chadwick finished his question, the meeting room fell silent.

Everyone was shocked by this question!

"Yeah! How could I forget about the phenomenon of beta decay?"

"It's obviously contradictory to strength!"

"That's very strange."

"Could it be that the strong force is wrong and there is no third force at all?"

At this moment, everyone was shocked.

They all looked at Chadwick.

What a keen insight this young man has!
If this is true, then they were happy for nothing.

Rutherford looked at Chadwick with relief.

The other person has been following me for almost 10 years.

Although these ten years smoothed out the edges of Chadwick's genius, they also forged a more resilient heart in him.

A good question is sometimes more important than the answer.

And Chadwick's question is an extremely amazing question.

It at least proves that the concept of strong force is incomplete.

Even to the point of denying the very existence of power.

This is too scary.

Pauli stared at Chadwick and said silently in his heart:

"Sure enough, we should not underestimate the heroes of the world!"

Irena was speechless.

She had just sprayed Paulin as if it had helped her, but faced with this problem, she was helpless.

There seems to be a logic problem.

At this moment, she could only look at her mentor.

When Li Qiwei heard Chadwick's question, his expression remained calm.

He smiled crookedly like a Dragon King.

"It seems like this guy has to pretend."

(End of this chapter)