1900: A physics genius wandering around Europe

Chapter 126 Question : Gravity, the ultimate question!
When Li Qiwei derived the mass-energy equation and explained its essence, the atmosphere in the conference hall reached its peak.

Such a simple, elegant and extremely rich formula can be compared with Euler's formula and can be called the most beautiful formula in human history.

Of course, all this is based on the fact that the theory of relativity is correct.

Up to now in the conference, the theory of relativity has faced the three biggest doubts, but it still stands firm and remains consistent.

Many physicists even secretly speculated, is a completely new theory about to emerge?

This theory is so great that it directly covers Newtonian mechanics.

From then on, Newton's laws of motion were only an approximation of the theory of relativity at low speeds.

Based on this alone, Ridgwell's status in physics is almost on par with Newton.

What an exaggerated thing this is in the history of physics.

Of course, the theory of relativity has not yet been verified experimentally, so it is impossible to confirm that it is correct, so this honor is still debatable.

Einstein in the audience looked at Li Qiwei with admiration. The other party not only helped him out of the predicament, but also perfected the theory of relativity and made it a complete theory.

Especially the final mass-energy equation, which is enough to be published in a separate paper.

This was Bruce's achievement alone, and he should enjoy it alone, Einstein thought.

On the stage, Li Qiwei was full of energy and looked down on the world.

He was not worried about revealing the mass-energy equation in advance, which would lead people to think of building powerful weapons.

Because the atomic bomb has three theoretical foundations: the mass-energy equation, the discovery of neutrons, and nuclear fission of uranium.

In real history, the nuclear fission of uranium was not discovered until 1938.

Therefore, Li Qiwei has plenty of time to prepare.

Not to mention that even if the theory is complete, there are still several big pitfalls when it comes to actual manufacturing.

Thinking of this, Li Qiwei showed a wicked smile as if his evil plan had succeeded. Maybe he would be able to trick Britain, the United States and Germany by then.

But soon, he adjusted his mood because he knew that the battle was not over!
At this moment, everyone in the venue can basically be divided into two groups.

One group is composed of senior physicists, and the other group is composed of other physicists.

Other physicists basically believed that relativity would win. From a purely theoretical analysis, this new theory was undoubtedly perfect and correct.

All that remains is to find a way to verify it through experiments.

Although this step is difficult, it is mainly because the theory of relativity is so awesome.

Theory is completely ahead of experiment, making it impossible for people to conduct experiments.

In real history, it was not until the mid-to-late 20th century, when many high-precision equipment appeared, that the correctness of the narrow phase was proven.

Including: optical atomic clocks to prove time dilation, transverse Doppler effect, muon crossing the atmosphere experiment, electron relativistic mass change test, etc.

However, the senior physicists have calmed down from the shock of the mass-energy equation.

They looked into each other's eyes and nodded knowingly.

Li Qiwei took note of their expressions and thought: The final moment is coming.

Sure enough, in the crowd, Boss Roentgen suddenly stood up, immediately attracting everyone's attention.

Is another physics Nobel Prize winner about to take action?

Planck's mathematical operations had left Einstein helpless, forcing him to seek help from Bruce Lee.

Now that Roentgen is on the stage, what kind of questions will he ask? Will they stump Bruce?
Everyone was nervous and curious. This meeting was so exciting and shocking.

Roentgen didn't keep everyone waiting for long. He smiled and said, "Bruce, I have to admire you. You have left us old guys far behind."

"If the meeting ends here, you and Einstein will be jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for the theory of relativity."

"In fact, just based on this mass-energy equation, you can win another Nobel Prize in Physics."

"In that case, you would have three Nobel Prizes in Physics. What a despairing achievement."

"Your genius truly amazes me. Physicists who live in the same era as you are both lucky and unfortunate."

Roentgen's words caused the meeting room to fall silent.

Yes, Bruce's genius has surpassed the imagination of ordinary people.

Living in the same era as such a genius, one can certainly witness the earth-shaking and magnificent development of physics.

But those have nothing to do with me anymore. I can only be a spectator, envy the performance of the genius and fantasize about standing on that platform.

It is indeed both happy and sad.

But everyone heard a sense of surprise in Roentgen's words. Could there be something unexpected?
The desire to eat melon instantly replaced sentimentality.

At this point, Roentgen continued: "Relativity is a very bold and beautiful theory."

"Its mathematical language is LQW transformation, and its geometric language is space-time graph."

“Considering time and space and the observer as one inseparable whole.”

"This theory is perfect in every way."

"but!"

"We old guys have one last question about relativity."

"Everyone sent me as a representative to raise this question, and I hope you can answer it."

Everyone, including Einstein, became nervous, their hearts in their throats. "First, the basis of relativity is the inertial system, but the inertial system itself cannot be defined."

"Second, the theory of relativity cannot incorporate the law of universal gravitation into its framework, and the law of universal gravitation cannot be transformed into the form of LQW transformation."

When the questions were asked, everyone was impressed by Mr. Roentgen.

A direct blow to the core of relativity.

There are problems with questioning the axiomatic foundation of the theory of relativity. Yes, because of the existence of universal gravitation, where is the real inertial reference frame in the universe?
But if this problem is not solved, relativity is a theory that requires strong restrictions.

Although beautiful, it always feels imperfect, a bit like a fine porcelain.

It is extremely gorgeous, but it will break if you accidentally drop it on the ground.

As for the second point, few people can understand specifically why.

Li Qiwei breathed a sigh of relief. Today's discussion finally reached the final step, which was the ultimate questioning of the theory of relativity.

He did not choose to answer immediately, but said first: "I guess the people present may have doubts about Professor Roentgen's second point."

"Then let me explain."

"In Newton's theory of universal gravitation, the gravitational force between two objects A and B depends only on their distance, not on the duration of their interaction."

"Newton believed that the effect of gravity was instantaneous and at a distance."

"For example, if the sun suddenly disappeared, according to the law of universal gravitation, the earth would be immediately affected and would be thrown out of orbit."

"But this would create a contradiction with the theory of relativity."

"Because according to the theory of relativity, the speed of any object, including the speed of information transmission, must be less than the speed of light."

"The distance between the sun and the earth is such that even light takes eight minutes to travel. But gravity travels there instantly."

"So, Professor Roentgen believed that the theory of relativity could not include gravity."

"Here, I will try to see if it can be solved through LQW transformation." Li Qiwei began to derive the formula directly on the screen.

“Click, click, click, click.”

"It turns out that the law of universal gravitation cannot be transformed by LQW to make it consistent with the system of relativity."

boom!
When Li Qiwei personally deduced, explained and proved Roentgen's second question, the conference hall was in complete shock.

Einstein's face was distorted with excitement. "Is it true that the theory of relativity cannot solve this problem?"

Physicists, ordinary physicists, are also feeling excited and dry-mouthed at this moment.

Boss Roentgen is too strong.

As expected, he is worthy of being a Nobel Prize winner. His shot was so accurate that it stunned Bruce.

Planck looked at Li Qiwei and sighed in his heart. Has it finally come to this?
In fact, most senior physicists would question Roentgen’s first point.

But the second point was discovered by only a few people, and Planck was one of them.

After he published the theory of relativity, he studied and calculated day and night and found a loophole in the law of universal gravitation.

In the end, most of the seniors with good mathematical skills discovered this problem.

In fact, it is easy to understand.

Newton had two major achievements in physics, the laws of mechanics and the law of universal gravitation.

Since the theory of relativity has been claimed to have denied the laws of mechanics, people will naturally wonder what the law of universal gravitation is like.

So everyone nominated the most prestigious Roentgen to raise this question on behalf of everyone.

Although these bigwigs raised this question, it still does not lower the status of relativity in their hearts.

Up to now in the conference, the theory of relativity has deeply touched everyone's heart. It is a shocking physical theory.

Its shortcoming is that it is not perfect yet, and many of its conclusions are too contrary to common sense and experience to be accepted.

But in the eyes of the big guys, these are not problems.

The purpose of their questioning was not to deny the theory of relativity, but to deliberately make Ridgwell look bad.

Instead, he wanted to use this method to force Ridgway and Einstein to perfect the theory of relativity and make it a truly self-contained and perfect physical theory.

The current theory of relativity is just a self-contained system, but it is not perfect.

Planck looked at Li Qiwei lovingly. He hoped that the other party could understand the good intentions of himself and others.

Rayleigh, Kelvin, Thomson, Rutherford, Marie Curie, Lorentz, Michelson and others all looked at Ridgway with a myriad of emotions in their eyes.

Einstein, Wilson, Laue, Born, Lang Zhiwan, Millikan and others breathed harder and their eyes gleamed.

They hope that Ridgway can create another miracle, just like he proposed the mass-energy equation and explained Planck's problem.

Li Qiwei faced the crowd, feeling very proud at this moment. He had never thought that the discussion on relativity would be so exciting.

The academic exchanges that are full of excitement make people excited.

Now, everything has come to its climax.

Faced with the ultimate questioning of the theory of relativity, how should Li Qiwei choose to respond?

At this moment, he was feeling mixed emotions.

Book friends who have ideas can go to the comment section to vote. I have just initiated it.

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(End of this chapter)